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that用法浅析.doc
that用法浅析
【摘 要】 在英语中,that用法灵活多样,基本用法可以用作代词,用来指人或物,容易被学生理解。此外,that还可以用作连词、副词等,既能发挥实词的作用,又可以担当架构复杂句式的重任。这就值得我们去分析和研究,本文介绍了that的一些特殊用法。
【关键词】 that用法
【中图分类号】G63.23 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089(2013)29-0-01
I. that作为代词的用法。
1.引导限定性定语从句。
代替表时间的词,相当于“when”。
Eg. We left the day that (when) she arrived.
2.我们在阅读时,偶尔也会发现that除了引导限定性定语从句之外,还可以引导非限定性定语从句。
Eg.(1) ...the trousers were unearthed from the nattress of his bed, where they had taken upon themselves an accumulation of fluff, that utterly altered the appearance of material.(句中that引导非限定性定语从句,指代先行词fluff。其实,that引导的这种非限定性定语从句,只是形式上的定语从句,而从含义上看是状语性的,本句的定语从句表示的是结果,所以有些语法家称之为半状语从句。)
II. that作为连词的用法。
1.引导宾语从句。
1.形式宾语。
Eg. I found that it is difficult to learn maths.
2.引导原因状语从句。
1) Not that...but that...表示“不是因为…而是因为…”,最后的that可以省略。
Eg. Not that he is unable to do it, but (that) he is unwilling to do it.
2)in that.其引导的从句一般要放在主句后,并多有逗号隔开。
Eg. A gerund differs from a participle, in that it has the function of a Noun.
偶尔也可以看到in that放在主句前面。
Eg. In that he killed Lucy, he was a murderer.
3)now that.其引导的多置于主句前,置于主句后也可以,口语中常省略that.
Eg. Now that you are all back, we’d better start the work.
4)seeing that其引导的从句一般放于主句前,that常省略。
Eg. Seeing (that) I shall be here again tomorrow, I won’t wait any Longer.
注意:seeing的逻辑主语可以不是主句的主语,seeing that多用于书面语,口语中可用as或者since.
Eg.Seeing that(since) you have come, I will settle it now.
3.that引导目的状语从句时,除构成so that, in order that之外,还可以构成以下结构。
1) see (to it) that表示“使…”,“努力设法使达到目的”。
Eg. We must see (to it) that the job if finished ahead of schedule.
2) to the end that为了…,与in order that用法相同。
Eg. I must study hard to the end that I can find a good job.
4.引导结果状语从句,除构成so…that, so that, such that, such…that之外,还可以构成with the result that,意为“结果是”。
Eg. He made some serious mistakes in his work, with the result that he failed the test.
III. That用作副词时,除表示时间,方式或原因外,还可以表达“介词+which的含义
E.g. This is not the way that(by which)we came
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