初中冠词讲与练.doc

英语冠词,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠词the读法：单独念时读[Ti:],在句子中常发[Ti ](元音之前)或者[T[](辅音之前)； 不定冠词a/an的读法：单独念时读 [ei ]/[An ]；在句子中常发 [[]/[[n]。 （一）不定冠词用法 1 第一次提及某人或某物 This is a book. 2 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 3 泛指某人或某物 A boy is waiting for you. 4 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 5 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 6 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 7 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，“一阵，一场”等 a heavy rain,. a strong wind,...... 8 用于可视为一体的两个名词前 a knife and fork 9 固定词组 a few/little/bit; have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest=swim have a cold, have a good time, in a hurry, for a while, keep a diary, do sb. a favor 和 one 的区别： a/an 表示类别 种类 One 强调数量 a bus （表示是一辆公交车 而不是一辆小汽车 也不是火车） one bus (强调是一辆车 而不是两辆或三辆) There is a cat under the chair.?椅子下面有一只猫。（强调种类） There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。（强调数量） 表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。 three times a day, 10 yuan a kilo， six class a day， thirty miles an hour 特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独一无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。1 双方都知道的人或事 Give me the book, please. 2 特指或上文已提到的人或事 Do you know the girl in red? I have a book. The book is very interesting. 3 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, The earth goes around the sun. 4 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 The first lesson is very easy. She is the most careful student in our class. He is the younger of the two boys. 5 用于姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇” The Greens are watching TV now. 6 用在单数名词前表示一类人或事物 The orange is orange. 7 用于江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States; the Great Wall 8 与某些形容连用表示一类人 The rich should help the poor. 9 用于西洋乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 10 用于表示方位的名词前 Jilin is in the north of China. 11 固定词组 in the morning/afternoon/evening; in the daytime; in the end; all the time; at the same time; by the way; at the beginning of; at the moment; in the open air; （三）定冠词的位置 放在all, half, both, double等词后， Look，all the books are here. Both the boys are from Class 1, Grade 2. They walked half the journey. 放在表倍数、分数的词后