建构CMMI知识地图讲解.ppt

建構CMMI知識地圖 李健興 長榮大學資訊管理系副教授 兼資訊工程系籌備處主任 2004/11/17 Outline Introduction The Structure of Ontology Ontology-based Knowledge Management System Ontology Construction CMMI Ontology CMMI Assistant Tools CMMI Ontology Extraction Future Works Introduction Ontology (知識地圖) The ontology is a collection of key concepts and their interrelationships collectively providing an abstract view of an application domain. An ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization. Conceptualization Explicit Formal Ontology (知識地圖) Ontology–explicit formal specifications of the terms in the domain and relations among them. An ontology contains a hierarchy of concepts within a domain and describes each concept’s property through an attribute-value mechanism. Relations between concepts describe additional logical sentence. Ontology (知識地圖) The main application areas of ontology technology Knowledge management Web commerce Electronic business Database design Natural language processing Multi agent system ……… Example Ontology Example DAML+OIL format Characteristics of Ontology Formal Semantics Consensus of terms Machine readable and processable Model of real world Domain specific Reasons to Develop Ontologies To share common understanding of the structure of information among people or software agents. To enable reuse of domain knowledge. To make domain assumptions explicit. To separate domain knowledge from the operational knowledge. To analyze domain knowledge. Process of Developing an Ontology Developing an ontology includes: Determine the domain and scope of the ontology. Consider reusing existing ontologies. Enumerate important terms in the ontology. Define classes in the ontology and arrange the classes in a taxonomic (subclass-superclass) hierarchy. Define attribute and describe allowed values for these attribute. Fill in the values for attribute for instance. Ontology Learning Process The Structure of Ontology The three-layered object-oriented ontology The four-lay