美国罗格斯大学郭志雄CAS Lectures第三天.pptx

CONDUCTION WITH PHASE CHANGE:MOVING BOUNDARY PROBLEMSTliquidsolidsolidliquidT(x,t)T(x,t)sLdxxidtxikksLccpspfaasLmoving interfaceFig. 6.1 Solidification 6.1 Introduction ? Applications: Melting and freezing Casting Ablation Cryosurgery Soldering Permafrost Food processing Density change ? liquid phase motion ? Features:Moving interface Properties change with phase changes Temperature gradient discontinuity at interface Transient conduction Non-linear problems 6.2 The Heat Equations Two heat equations are needed ? Assumptions: One-dimensional(6.1) (6.2) One-dimensional Uniform properties of each phase Negligible liquid phase motion No energy generation 6.3 Moving Interface Boundary Conditions (1) Continuity of temperature(6.3) fusion (freezing or melting) temperatureqqsinterface location at time t Lxidx Density change volume change ?Ldxi Liquid element Mass interfaceat t (2) Energy equationliquid elementat tinterface During dt element changes to solid att+dtsolidelement (a) (b) (c) (d) Conservation of energy: dV = change in volume p = pressureenergy per unit mass (e) (b), (c) and (d) into (a) (f) (g) (h) Fourier’s law(f), (g) and (h) into (e) and assume = constantp (i) enthalpy per unit mass?=hL (j) L = latent heat of fusionL(6.4) For melting (j) into (i)Physical Interpretation: Eq. (6.4) is the interface energy equation for solidification.L(6.5) L(6.4) dx/dti But depends on temperature gradient:Total derivative of in eq. (6.3)Ts (3) Convection at the interface + solidification, - melting 6.5 Non-linearity of Interface Energy Equation(6.6) L(6.7) (6.7) has two non-linear terms (6.6) into (6.4) 6.5 Non-dimensional Form of the GoverningEquations: Governing Parameters(6.8) (6.9) L(6.10) Ste = Stefan numberSensible heatLatent heat (6.1), (6.2) and (6.4)(6.11) (6.12) Two governing parameters: and Ste (1) Parameteris eliminated due to the definition of (3) Biot number appears in convection BC (see (6.5)) (2) The Stefan number: Ratio of the sensible