高二英语寒假专题——情态动词（一）北师大版.docVIP

高二英语寒假专题——情态动词（一）北师大版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 寒假专题——情态动词（一） ［具体过程］ 情态动词有一定的词义，但不能直接作谓语，要和行为动词和联系动词连用构成谓语，并且没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。 一、情态动词的基本用法和区别 1. can could (1)表示能力和客观可能性 Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldn’t last year. It will be sunny in the daytime, but it could rain later this evening. （2）表示请求和允许 If you keep still, you can sit on either side of the boat. ---Can I come in? ---Yes, you can. (3)表示请求，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。但主要用于疑问句，且答语不用could用can. ---Could I use your bike tomorrow morning? ---Yes, you can./ No, I am afraid not. （4）表示惊异怀疑等态度，主要用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中。 How can you be so foolish? They can’t be working at this time of day. （5）can和be able to都表示能力，但前者只有现在时和过去时，后者有更多的时态变化。如果表示在过去某一时间干成了某事，常用be able to 不用can. The fire was very big but everyone was able to escape from the building. 2. may might （1）表示请求和允许。否定回答时一般用mustn’t表示禁止。 ---May I smoke here? ---Yes, please./Certainly./ Yes, you may. ---No, you mustn’t. （2）表示可能性的推测，含有“可能，一定”之意。前者比后者的语气更强。 The news may not be true. He might have been ill. （3）may可以表示祝愿。 May you be happy! May you succeed! （4）may as well是固定用法，表示还是……的好 You may as well tell me the truth. We may as well stay where we are. 3. must have to （1）表必须，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t/ don’t have to. ---Must I finish the work today? ---Yes, you must. ---No, you needn’t./ don’t have to. （2）must 可以表示猜测，“一定”，否定用can’t. You must be hungry after a long walk. There must be a hole in the wall. （3）must 当必须讲时表示人的主观看法，have to表示客观需要。 I must go now. I have to go now because my mother is in hospital. 4. shall should （1）shall与第一人称连用表示征求对方意见。 When shall we meet you? Shall we begin our class? （2）shall 用于第二三人称陈述句表示命令，警告等语气。 He shall be published if he break the school rules. You shall stick to your post. You shall get the bike if you win the game. （3）should表示劝告和建议，也可以表示推测。 You should keep your promise. The photo should be ready now. 5. will would （1）表示意愿或决心。 He will study harder to be a good student. They said that they would help us. （2）表示请求，常与第二三人称搭配。 Will / Would