monitoringusing植被指数（ monitoringusing vegetation indices）.docVIP

Monitoring using Vegetation Indices Basis:   Why VIs? empirical relationships with range of vegetation / climatological parameters APAR NPP simple (understand/implement) fast (ratio, difference etc.) tracking of temporal characteristics / seasonality can reduce sensitivity to: topographic effects (soil background) (view/sun angle (?)) (atmosphere) whilst maintaining sensitivity to vegetation  Some VIs RVI: DVI: NDVI: functional equivalency RVI-NDVI not so for DVI, NDVI  why NDVI? continuity (17 years of AVHRR NDVI) limitations of NDVI: atmospheric effects: esp. aerosols (turbid - decrease) direct means - atmospheric correction indirect means: atmos.-resistant VI (ARVI/GEMI) sun-target-sensor effects (BRDF): MVC ? - ok on cloud, not so effective on BRDF saturation problems: saturates at VI of 2-3 non-linear relationships to fAPAR, LAI saturation / more complex (?) model use RVI? background effects soil line concept canopy structural effects (LAD) empirical relationships site/crop specific relationship with cover type? residual topographic effects DEM correction?  New indices WDVI (Clevers, 1989) k - RVI of background SAVI (Huete, 1988) L - soil adjustment factor PVI (Richardson and Wiegand, 1977) a - soil ine slope, b - soil line intercept GEMI (Pinty and Verstraete, 1992) ‘green’ NDVI: better satn. properties than using red (?) ARVI (Kaufman Tanre): accounts for aerosol, assumes molec./O3 corrected SARVI (Huete, 1996) L - background term as before C1,2 - weights blue in aerosol correction designed for use on MODIS