measuringthe earthwitha meter stickanda stopwatch（earthwitha stickanda秒表测量仪表）.docVIP

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measuringthe earthwitha meter stickanda stopwatch（earthwitha stickanda秒表测量仪表）.doc

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measuringthe earthwitha meter stickanda stopwatch（earthwitha stickanda秒表测量仪表）

Document ID: 04_11_15_1 Date Received: 2015-04-11?Date Revised: 2015-04-12??Date Accepted: 2015-11-20 Curriculum Topic Benchmarks: M4.4.7, M5.4.2, M5.4.8 Grade Level: High School (9-12) Subject Keywords Algebra, diameter, Earth, equations, Geometry, Hands-on, Measurement, proportion, Pythagoras, radius, Rotation, timing, Trigonometry, sun, proportionality, modify experiment, reduce measurement percentage errors ? Measuring the Earth ? By: Ted Bainbridge, Ph.D., retired email: 4thecho@ ? From: The PUMAS Collection ? 2015 Practical Uses of Math and Science. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Based on U.S. Government sponsored research Finding the size of our planet does not require sophisticated technology, or distant travel as in ancient times. You can accomplish this task using meter sticks, a stopwatch, and some math. The process is described below, followed by numeric examples, error analysis, enrichment concepts, and notes for teachers. In this activity students watch a bright star (but not a planet!) disappear behind a distant horizon. They start a timer when the star disappears as seen from very close to the ground and stop the timer when the star disappears as seen from a slightly higher location. The elapsed time is used to calculate the Earth’s diameter. Choose a setting: Do these measurements in a stable place that gives you an unobstructed view of a stable and distant horizon to the west. If your location is not stable (such as being in a small boat subject to wave action) or the horizon point you choose is not stable (such as the top of a tree disturbed by wind) each measurement could be erroneous, producing unacceptable errors in the computed result. Choose a horizon point as close to due west as possible, so that your direction of view will be approximately opposite to the direction of the earth’s rotation. Choose a horizon point as far away from you as possible so that changing your body’s position will not change the vertical angle from your eyes