mapprojectionsfor g i s- the evergreen state college（我的mapprojectionsfor g -常青州立大学）.docVIP

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mapprojectionsfor g i s- the evergreen state college（我的mapprojectionsfor g -常青州立大学）.doc

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Map projections for GIS J. M. Stroh, 2002 Read the document for background. I have placed one of the reviews at the beginning, in bold. You need to know that most GIS data, especially for Washington State, comes in two datums: North American Datum 1927 (NAD27). All older maps, many current maps and data sets. North American Datum 1983 (NAD83). Many current maps and data sets. Most GIS data come in three different grids: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) in both datums. State plane coordinate system (SPCS) in NAD27. State plane coordinate system (SPCS) in NAD83. Note the SPCS has a different definition in the two datums. Evergreen campus GIS data comes in a local TESC grid as well as the SPSC grid (both datums). What do you need to remember about the basic projections for GIS applications? All maps in an application must have the same projection, and have the same ellipsoid (datum). In the 1980s the North American Datum of 1983 replaced the North American Datum of 1927. Only a few projections are used for most mapping in the USA. These are: Albers equal-area (conical, equal area, small-scale state maps, National Atlas) Lambert conformal conic (conical, conformal, small-scale state maps, detailed state plane coordinate system for states long in E-W direction, topographic maps). See table 1 below for Washington State parameters. Transverse Mercator (cylindrical, conformal, detailed state plane coordinate system for states long in N-S direction, topographic maps). Universal Transverse Mercator (cylindrical, conformal, world wide, except poles, many applications for base maps, base for many digital GIS products like Digital Elevation Models). Polyconic (conical, not conformal, equal-area, or equidistant, obsolete but used for older large-scale topographic maps). Latitude-longitude still the basic coordinate system. What to do if the source of GIS information comes in different projections, but with the same ellipsoid? Most GIS software can convert fro