methodologyforanimaltractionsurveys（ methodologyforanimaltractionsurveys）.docVIP

Rapid appraisal methodologies for animal traction by Paul Starkey Animal Traction Development and University of Reading, Oxgate, 64 Northcourt Avenue, Reading RG2 7HQ, UK Summary Practical methods are suggested that allow small multidisciplinary survey teams to understand the present status of animal power in particular areas. Through flexible, spontaneous and open-ended participatory discussions with key stakeholders, the existing systems of work animal utilisation should become apparent. Personal interviews and moderated focus-group discussions should identify the requirements, attitudes and preferences of the users and potential users, their families, their communities and the relevant organisations and institutions that affect them. Farmers (of different gender, age and farming system) transporters and representatives of relevant organisations are asked questions about the past, present and future of animal power in general, and issues relating to the animals, technologies, environment and socio-economic context in particular. . Crucial constraints and the potential for improvement will be identified in this way. Questionnaires to obtain reliable quantitative data are avoided until priority areas for information collection have been established through participatory appraisal. New sources of ideas and information are sought out. Information and apparent attitudes are cross-checked through observations, questioning and the opinion of others. The resulting report should cover a wide range of interrelated issues concerning the people, animals, equipment and their physical and economic environment. Options for addressing the limiting factors will have been identified by, and reviewed with, present users, potential users and concerned organisations. Introduction and justification The methodologies described here are for ‘rapid rural appraisal’ surveys designed to identify key issues and constraints relating to animal power. The methodologies have been developed