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APPENDIX II - Infrared Instruments (FTIRs) Infrared spectroscopy is an analytical technique with a long history in environmental science and chemistry. For very-high-resolution spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) has supplanted other techniques because of its superior performance. This technique has been widely used in atmospheric chemistry and has been validated by exercises such as the Balloon Intercomparison Campaign (BIC) and by various validation efforts for space-based activities such as the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) experiment, MIPAS, MOPITT, SCIAMACHY, ACE, TES, and HIRDLS. While the FTIR technique needs no further justification as a primary technique for NDACC, individual FTIR instruments, as well as other infrared instruments such as emission spectrometers, still must be validated. This description is intended to apply to the determination of vertical column amounts of trace gases, primarily by FTIR spectroscopy. High-resolution spectroscopy also can be used for deriving profiles of trace constituents, but additional validation is required for such retrievals. The NDACC Infrared Working Group (IRWG) presently is investigating the capabilities and requirements for profile retrieval; this appendix will be revised subsequently to reflect these validation requirements. Quality Criteria for the Evaluation of New Instruments and Instrument Teams The process of validating an infrared observing system of the NDACC is summarized in the flowchart in Figure 1. Validation is a multi-step process that may require some time to complete. Investigators proposing inclusion of their group and instrument into the NDACC / IRWG should observe the following guidelines. Further information regarding the NDACC and its Data, Measurement and Validation Protocols may be obtained at / and in particular for the IRWG at /irwg. Minimum Requirements for Instruments and Analysis Techniques Observing site selection is an importa