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Page: Title Page, Page Number: i Title Page Excavating Occaneechi Town Archaeology of an Eighteenth-CenturyIndian Village in North Carolina Edited by R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr. Patrick C. Livingood H. Trawick Ward Vincas P. Steponaitis With contributions by Linda Carnes-McNaughton I. Randolph Daniel, Jr. Roy S. Dickens, Jr. Lawrence A. Dunmore III Kristen J. Gremillion Julia E. Hammett Forest Hazel Mary Ann Holm James H. Merrell Gary L. Petherick V. Ann Tippitt Web Edition 2003 ? 1998, 2003 by the Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. First edition published 1998 on CD-ROM by The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill and London. ISBN 0-8078-6503-6. Web edition published 2003 on the World Wide Web by the Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, in cooperation with The University of North Carolina Press and ibiblio. Page: Foreword, Page Number: ii Foreword Mécou Wítahe. Ein Yukéwa Yapóske Ama?ishuké . . . [Welcome, friends. A long time ago, the hilly land . . . This is a phrase in the Tutelo-Saponi dialect of the Yésah language, the only surviving dialect of the northern-eastern Siouan peoples.] A long time ago, the hilly land that is now called the Piedmont of Virginia and North Carolina was the home of our ancestors, the Yésah, a people who had lived in peace and balance with their world for centuries. Their numerous villages and towns were spread along the same fertile river valleys and meadows that are so abundant today. Though these communities were semiautonomous, each distinct village was interconnected with others through a complex web of kinship. Through time these villages maintained their collective identity as Yésah, the people of the land. Relationships and trade were maintained among groups of villages through well-traveled trading paths. In time, such trails as the Occaneechi Trading Path become the foundation for many o