(精)为了避免重复.ppt

* 省略句 为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略. 简单句中的省略 1.在对话中 --How is your mother today? --(She is ) much better. 2.在祈使句中 （You) open the door,please. 3.在感叹句中 What a (good) boy (he is)! How (hard) they are working! 4.表示讲话人的意见和看法 (It) sounds fine to me. (It’s a) pity you couldn’t come. 5.提问 (Is there) anything wrong? (Have you) found the bike? 6.名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺,住宅,教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物 At her mother’s (house) she passed many happy days. 7.前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时可以单纯使用不定式符号to I. --Will you go with me? --Well, I’d like to (go with you). II. –Have you ever been to the seaside? --No,we can’t afford to (go to the seaside). 并列句中的省略 1.后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略 She was poor but (she was) honest. 2.有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。 Mary can （speak English）and Mary ought to speak English. 惯用的省略结构 1.无动词祈使句,无主句祝愿句,这类句子往往用感叹号. If only I could remember his name! 2.固定句型How/What about + n/pron/-ing. What about some more milk? 3.Why not +省去to的动词不定式。 Why not go at once? 复合句中的省略 1.主句中的省略 1）主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语中。 (It’s a) pity you couldn’t come. 2)在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。 --Shall I go to play? --If you like (you can go to play). 2.宾语从句中的省略 1）由which,when,where,how和why 引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。 Please pass me one of these books, I don’t care which (you pass me). 2)在I’m afraid,I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语是，宾语从句可省去。 --Do you think it will rain? --I hope not (that it will not rain). 3.状语从句中的省略 1）状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。 Coming swimming?You don’t have to (coming swimming) if you don’t want to (coming swimming) . 2)有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。 I would have come yesterday (if I had wanted to). 3)以as,than 引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。 After half a hour, she become quieter (than she had been.) 1.The research is so designed that once _______nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全国高考) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词，从句的主语连同be可一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when, while, though, if, unless, alth