基于LMS自适应滤波的心电信号提取.docx

数字信号处理课程报告题目：基于LMS自适应滤波在胎儿心电监护中的应用仿真院系：专业：姓名：学号：摘 要自适应数字滤波器和维纳滤波器一样，都是符合某种准则的最佳滤波器。维纳滤波器的参数是固定的，适用于平稳随机信号的最佳滤波。在实际设计中，常常无法知道输入信号是否平稳以及信号和噪声统计分布规律，且统计特性还会变化，因此实现最佳滤波是困难的。1967年Widrow等人提出自适应滤波器的设计方法，它的参数可以自动地按照某种准则调整到最佳滤波，实现时不需要任何关于信号和噪声的先验统计知识，尤其当输入统计特性变化时，自适应滤波器都能调整自身的参数来满足最佳滤波器的需要。1975年，威德诺（B.Widrow）和Hof提出的最小均方(LMS )算法，是用梯度的估计值代替梯度的精确值，这种算法简单易行，获得了广泛的应用，对自适应技术的发展起了极大的作用。本论文主要是基于LMS自适应滤波在胎儿心电监护中的应用仿真。通过简要阐述自适应滤波器和LMS的相关原理，结合胎儿心电监护的应用，在MATLAB的平台上使用自适应滤波器的方法从母婴混合心电信号中提取纯净胎儿信号并绘出图谱。通过仿真结果，分析几个参数（步长、滤波器阶数）对实验结果的影响，进一步加深对自适应滤波和LMS的学习理解。关键词：自适应数字滤波器； 最佳滤波器； 威德诺； 最小均方算法； 梯度； 胎儿心电监护； MATLABABSTRACTThe adaptive digital filter and Wiener filter are the best filters to meet some criteria. The parameters of the Wiener filter are fixed, and are suitable for the optimal filtering of stationary random signals. In practice, it is often difficult to know whether the input signal is stationary and the signal and noise statistics distribution law, and the statistical characteristics will change, so it is difficult to achieve the best filter. In 1967, Widrow et al proposed the design method of the adaptive filter. Its parameters can be adjusted to the best filter automatically according to some criterion. The adaptive filter can adjust its parameters to meet the needs of the optimal filter. In 1975, the least mean square (LMS) algorithm proposed by Widno (B.Widrow) and Hof is the exact value of the gradient. This algorithm is simple and easy to operate. It has been widely used and has a great effect on the development of adaptive technology. This thesis is based on the application of LMS adaptive filter in fetal ECG monitoring. In this paper, the principle of adaptive filter and LMS is introduced, and the application of fetal ECG monitoring is introduced. The method of adaptive filter is used in the MATLAB platform to extract pure fetal signal and draw the map from the mixed ECG signal. Through the simulation results, the effects of several parameters (step size and filter order) on th