(交替传译课件.pptVIP

口译： 短时记忆 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 口译记忆的三种类型：即瞬时记忆、短时记忆和长时记忆 译员的听是积极的听（active listening），是全神贯注的听，但是这并不意味着译员要把一篇讲话一字不漏的听进去。如果译员要逐字逐句地把一篇讲话完整地记在脑子里，那么相信不出四、五句话译员的脑子就已经负担不起了。史内宁（ Snelling ）说译员像一个筛子，筛掉语言的各个成分, 而留下信息的本质（Snelling 1990 :557）。译员听的是信息，而不是字词，所以是一种选择性的听。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 短时记忆方法训练： 一、信息视觉化和现实化训练 　这种训练是针对大脑对意象语料的敏感性而设计的，旨在训练译员通过将信息内容现实化、视觉化来记忆信息的能力。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Example: The sailors swarmed into a laughing and cheering ring around the two man. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Example: 　I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and – poof! – I became invisible, absent from the conversation. The park was filled with people talking on their cell phones. They were passing other people without looking at them, saying hello, noticing their babies or stopping to pet their puppies. Evidently, the untethered electronic voice is preferable to human contact. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 听到这一段生动形象的描述之后，译员便可在头脑中勾画这样一副图景：自己正与一位朋友在公园中散步、闲谈。突然，谈话被朋友的手机打断。然后放眼四周，发现到处是只顾自己拿着手机讲话而无暇互相交流的人们。译员就这样通过现实化、形象化的方法将一篇复杂的描写转化成生活中一个再熟悉不过的镜头摄入了头脑。然后，译员再用译语将眼前的这幅图景按照自己的方式描述出来即可。这样不仅记忆深刻、全面，而且译员也不会陷入机械的“找词翻译”的误区。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Activity three: Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 　二、逻辑分层记忆训练 ? 在句子层面上，译员要努力养成听解句子时抓“主干结构”的