未来许多工作将被机器人所取代.docxVIP

外刊赏读（《大西洋月刊》2015年8月4日）/u/1434473485世纪高教张剑锋?发布于2015年8月12日 10:52?选文出自《大西洋月刊》一篇题为The Age of the Robot Worker Will Be Worse for Men的文章。文章通过一项研究指出未来许多工作将被智能机器人所取代，而这一趋势对男性和女性的影响是不平均的：女性的工作相对安全，男性则面临失业的危险。本文以提出问题—分析原因—介绍影响的结构进行论证，条分缕析、层次鲜明。【原文】I?①Many economists and technologists believe the world is?on the brink of?a new?industrial revolution, in which advances in the field of?artificial intelligence?will?obsolete?human labor at an unforgiving pace.?②Two Oxford researchers recently analyzed the skills required for more than 700 different occupations to determine how many of them would?be susceptible to?automation in the near future, and the news was not good: They concluded that machines are likely to take over 47 percent of today’s jobs within a few decades. 许多经济学家和技术专家认为一场新的工业革命即将开始，由于人工智能的发展，人类劳动很快将被无情淘汰。最近，为了确定有多少职业在不久的将来会被自动化技术取代，两名牛津大学的研究员分析了700多种不同职业所需的各种技能。其研究结果并不乐观：他们发现，未来几十年里，47%的现有工作可能会被机器代替。第一、二段为第一个层次，引入话题并介绍研究发现。第一段借研究发现引出未来人类许多工作将被机器取代的话题。关键词是machines，takeover。①句介绍背景：新的工业革命近在咫尺，人工智能的发展将淘汰人类劳动。Many economists and technologists believe说明这是一种普遍认识，而非作者的个人看法。Obsolete（something that is obsolete is no longer needed because something better has been invented）说明人工智能要要优于人类劳动。At an unforgiving pace强调人工智能取代人类劳动的速度之快，而且unforgiving（if you describe a situation or activity as unforgiving, you mean that it causes a lot of people to experience great difficulty or failure）暗示这种趋势会给人类带来极其不利的影响，为全文论述奠定基调。②句借研究发现具体例证①句。Automation与artificial intelligence同指，in the near future，within a few decades都强调自动化机器取代人类劳动之快，与上句中的on the brink of，at an unforgiving pace相呼应。II?①This is a?dire?prediction, but one whose consequences will not fall upon society?evenly.②A close look at the data reveals a surprising pattern: The jobs performed primarily by women are relatively safe, while those typically performed by men are at risk.?例证句：③For instance, of the 3 million truck drivers in the U.S.,?more than 95 percent are men; of the nearly 3 million secretaries and administrative assistants, more than 9