高三英语 篇章结构.docVIP

高三英语 篇章结构 一、科普类文章 1．引出中心内容的方法 (1)A but B。 这个时候B是文章的中心。为了不让文章显得太突兀，一般会先讲A，即普通的内容(科普类文章一般介绍的是我们不太熟悉的内容)。另外，A也有可能是一种欲扬先抑的写作手法，与B的意思正好相反。 Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership (伙伴关系) which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫) on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, they do better together. The idea of fighting a noise by making more noise sounds strange, but that’s exactly what motor engineers are doing in Germany and some other countries. (2) 用熟悉的事物作类比。 这是一种我们可以借鉴的写作方法。 Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers. 2．说明中心内容的方法 (高考文章以说明为主，在高级阅读考试中经常出现的议论文在高考中比较少见) (1) 举例说明。这是最常见的方法，除了我们熟悉的for example, for instance, such as以外，更主要的是在内容上的抽象程度的不同。例子总是说得很具体，比如说有数字，具体的人物、事件等。有的时候，在事实和例子中间，还有一个具体说明的中间层次。 (2) 讲原理 Car-maker’s research and development laboratories have already proved that mixing in more noise with the help of loudspeakers can reduce the unwanted noise. (3) 讲好处(advantage) Another good thing about the uses of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only reduces the weight of a car, but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better. (4) 讲问题(disadvantage) Some engineers believe that the noise-killing system will be used in most cars in 1996. But the carmakers haven’t decided if they will put it into production because it would add several hundred dollars to the cost of their cars. (5)讲应用(applicati