Bohrmodelandelectronconfiguration.ppt

Bohr model and electron configuration Mrs. A. Kay Chem 11 Bohr’s Model Why don’t the electrons fall into the nucleus? Move like planets around the sun. In circular orbits at different levels. Amounts of energy separate one level from another. Bohr’s Model Bohr postulated that: Fixed energy related to the orbit Electrons cannot exist between orbits The higher the energy level, the further it is away from the nucleus An atom with maximum number of electrons in the outermost orbital energy level is stable (unreactive) How did he develop his theory? He used mathematics to explain the visible spectrum of hydrogen gas /physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/linesp16.swf The line spectrum electricity passed through a gaseous element emits light at a certain wavelength Can be seen when passed through a prism Every gas has a unique pattern (color) Line spectrum of various elements Bohr’s Triumph His theory helped to explain periodic law Halogens are so reactive because it has one e- less than a full outer orbital Alkali metals are also reactive because they have only one e- in outer orbital Drawback Bohr’s theory did not explain or show the shape or the path traveled by the electrons. His theory could only explain hydrogen and not the more complex atoms Further away from the nucleus means more energy. There is no “in between” energy Energy Levels The Quantum Mechanical Model Energy is quantized. It comes in chunks. A quanta is the amount of energy needed to move from one energy level to another. Since the energy of an atom is never “in between” there must be a quantum leap in energy. Schr?dinger derived an equation that described the energy and position of the electrons in an atom Atomic Orbitals Principal Quantum Number (n) = the energy level of the electron. Within each energy level the complex math of Schr?dingers equation describes several shapes. These are called atomic orbitals Regions where there is a high probability of finding an electron S orbitals 1 s or