开发设计性实验论文尿素脱水制备单氰胺..docVIP

尿素脱水制备单氰胺 学 院：材料科学与化学工程学院 专 业：化学工程与工艺 姓 名：郭琪、黄秋洁、刘雪坤 指导老师： 吕树祥 中文摘要 本文主要研究了制备氰胺的新工艺，综述了国内外氰胺工业生产的几种主要工艺的利弊，并在前人的基础上继续探索尿素脱水制备单氰胺的绿色工艺。 尿素脱水制备单氰胺法：使用改性分子筛作催化剂，在一定温度和停留时间等反应条件下，在氨气气氛中，使尿素在常压下脱水一步制备单氰胺。该法不仅符合原子经济原理而且能耗低、污染小，具有良好的工业生产前景，因而具有很好的社会效益和可观的经济效益，该工艺主要不足是尿素常压脱水制备单氰胺所需的催化剂的筛选和设备要求比较高。 本课题主要是使用离子交换法加Mn 、Cu两种金属元素对分子筛ZSM-5进行改性，在不同温度，交换次数等操作条件下，在氨气，氮气气氛中，使尿素在常压下脱水制备氰胺，提高氰胺的产率。 通过实验，得出的结论：在温度为550℃，催化剂为MnZSM-5，离子交换次数为2次的条件下，氰胺的产率最高。 关键词： 尿素 脱水 单氰胺 离子交换 ZSM-5分子筛 ABSTRACT The paper mainly studies the new preparation technologies of Cyanamid. The paper reviews the preparation technologies of Cyanamid in domestic and overseas. We analyze the advantages and disadvantages of all the technologies, And on the basis of previous dehydration of urea prepared to continue to explore the green process Cyanamide. Preparation of urea dehydration Cyanamide: With different catalysts, under the condition of some temperature and residence time and the atmosphere of ammonia, urea and ammonia manufacture Cyanamid under normal pressure. This technology confirms atomic economical principle and it is low energy-consuming, little pollution and simple refining technology, therefore it is a technology with good social and economic benefit. The difficulty of making urea deprive water at the same time manufacture Cyanamid under normal pressure method is the selection of catalyst and equipments which have high request. The main topic is the use of ion exchange plus Mn, Cu elements on the two metals modified zeolite ZSM-5 at different temperatures, the exchange frequency operating conditions, the ammonia, nitrogen atmosphere, the urea at atmospheric pressure Preparation of Cyanamide dehydration and improve the yield of cyanamide. Through the experiment, the conclusion: the temperature of 550 ℃, catalyst CuZSM-5, 2 times the exchange conditions, the highest yield of cyanamide KEY WORDE