期望理论_英文PPT1.pptVIP

Expectancy Theory 期望理论 What is expectancy theory Expectancy theory is a field of study about employee motivation. According to this theory, the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of an expectation that act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual. In practical terms , it says that an employee will be motivated to exert a high level of effort when he or she believes that effort will lead to a good performance appraisal; that a good performance appraisal will lead to organizational rewards, that the rewards will satisfy the employees personal goals. Expectancy Mode 期望公式 激励取决于对行动结果的价值评价和其对应的期望值的乘积： M=VE M - motivation （激发人内部潜力的强度） V - valence （效价） E - expectancy （对实现该目标可能性大小的主观评估即期望值） 利用期望理论来分析对某种奖金制度是否有激励作用 Application The theory focused on performance variables（变量）. It has proved to offer a relatively powerful explanation（说明） of employee productivity（生产率）,absenteeism（缺勤）, and turnover（营业额）. But the theory assumes（假定） that employees have few constraints（约束） on their decision discretion（判断力）. It makes many of the same assumptions （假设）that the rational model makes about individual decision making. This acts to restrict（约束） its applicable（可适用性）. We can conclude, the theory’s power in explaining employee productivity increases when the jobs being performed are more complex and higher in the organization. Rational--thinking Thank you for your attention！ * * * * Individual----effort 1 Individual----performance Organization----rewards 2 Personal-----goals 3 1.Effort-performance relationship（努力——绩效的关系）. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to performance(个体认为通过一定程度的努力会带来一定的绩效的可能性）. 2.Performance-reward relationship（绩效——奖酬的关系）. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level will lea