Lecture激光原理.pptVIP

第一章 激光的基本原理 本次课内容： 绪论简介 §1.1 相干性的光子描述 绪论简介 光电子学是汇集光子学、电子学、光子技术与电子技术的一门学科 光子学－研究光子作为信息、能量载体的一门科学 光子技术－相干光的产生 激光原理 相干光的控制（调制、偏转），变换（频率） 光电子技术 相干光的检测及应用 光 电 子 学（技术） 光电检测 应用光电子技术 电子学； 电子技术 平时作业：10％ 期末考试：90％ Academic Subjects in Optics Science Ray Optics (Geometric Optics) Wave Optics Beam Optics Fourier Optics (Information Optics) Electromagnetic Optics Guided-Wave Optics Fiber Optics Photonic-Crystal Optics Statistical Optics Resonator Optics and Laser Semiconductor Optics Nonlinear Optics Quantum Optics The Birth of the Laser If-according to high-energy physics-light appeared 14 billion years ago, 10 seconds after the Big Bang, then it is only fifty years ago that mankind consciously controlled and domesticated it. In 1916 in his seminal paper, Albert Einstein showed that light traversing a medium could not only be absorbed but that it could also be amplified, an effect thereafter called stimulated emission. However, it was not until the 1940s and 1950s-notably with the work of Alfred Kastler and Jean Brossel (1948)-that the possibility of amplifying radiation was unambiguously demonstrated. The next step was to make a “light” or radiation oscillator. It was first demonstrated in 1954 in the microwave regime (where the wavelength of “light” is around cm) by Charles H. Townes, Alexander M. Prokhorov and Nicolay G. Basov. (Maser) In 1958 Townes and Arthur L. Schawllow wrote the germinal laser paper, describing how to build an optical maser. From then on, the possibility to tame light by demonstrating the optical maser was at the top of the research agendas for all major laboratories. But the road leading to the laser proved to be arduous and after few years, the pursuit became elusive and the interest started to fade. Then, against all odds and out of left field, on the 16th of May 1960 at the Hughes Research Laboratory in Malibu, the crispy noise of a photograph