中国近现代观念起源研究和数据库方法..docVIP

中国近现代观念起源研究和数据库方法. nbsp;[关键词]观念史；中国近代思想史；数据库；数据挖掘 nbsp; nbsp; nbsp;[摘nbsp; 要]从1997年开始，我们在若干研究计划支持下，建立了1830年至1930年间的中国近现代思想史研究专业数据库，并曾利用这一数据库，发表了数篇以“共和”、“民主”、“权利”、“个人”、“社会”、“经济”和“科学”等关键词为分析对象的论文，探讨这些重要现代观念在中国的起源和演变以及它们与重大历史事件的关系。数据库方法不仅可以为观念史研究提供更准确的基础，而且，进一步的分析疏理，还可以对以往某些公认的观点做出修正或质疑。中国近现代思想变迁大致可分为如下三阶段：1840年至1900年为中国传统政治思想对西方现代思想选择性吸收时期；1901年至1915年是儒家思想退到家族私领域，而在公共领域全面学习西方的阶段；1915年至1925年为第三阶段，正是在这第三阶段，学习引进西方现代制度带来的问题，引发了知识界对民主、权利、社会等重要观念的重构，形成了中国当代思想。 nbsp; Studies of the Origin of Modern Chinese Thought and Database Methodology nbsp; nbsp;Key Words：idea history；modern Chinese thought; database; data-mining nbsp; Abstract： The need of creating databases specialized for the studies of modern Chinese intellectual history was highlighted by the research projects we have been conducting since 1997. As a result, two databases have been designed, expanded and improved to cater for the requirements of our studies. At this stage these databases contain texts totaling 60 million words. All the texts were published from 1830 to 1930, a hundred-year span that saw the transition of traditional Chinese thought to its modern form. In this essay, we will give a brief account of our studies of the origin and transformation of modem Chinese concepts like gonghe (republicanism), minzhu(democracy),quanli(rights),geren(individual),shehui(society).By drawing on these studies,we will try to bring to attention the significance of database methodology and keyword analysis in the studies of links between terminologies and significant historical events. Our findings yielded from this new approach challenge certain long-held beliefs. We believe that the transformation of modern Chinese thought can be periodized into three stages.The first stage was from 1840 to 1900. This stage was characterized by the selective ab- sorption of modem Western thought by traditional Chinese political thought. The second stage was from 1901 to 1915. This stage saw th