专题讲解--宾语从句.doc

专题讲解-----宾语从句考点点击： 1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词的选择2.宾语从句的语序3.宾语从句的时态 一.宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。①.在带to的动词不定式前He doesn’t know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home.②在介词后I’m?thinking of whether we should go fishing.③.直接与or not连用时I don’t know whether or not they will come to help us.④.在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中We discussed whether would have a sports meeting next week.⑤.宾语从句提前时只能用whether三、 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分根据实际情况使用任时态。think?that) you are right .Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway stati（on?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实，普遍真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.小贴士：①主句的谓语动词是say,?think, tell, know, hear, see, feel, mean, hope, wish, remember, forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid, glad, sure, sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。e.g. He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster. I’m sorry (that) he isn’t here right now.②.that的省略：that 引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it. I’m afraid (that) you’ll have to wait.③不能省略that的情况　A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。　　eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．　B．当it作形式宾语时 eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with?him．　C．当宾语从句前置时 eg．That our team will win，I believe．④宾语从句的否定转移：在宾语从句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think ,believe, suppose,guess等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。例如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：I think chickens can not swim. 正：I don’t?think燾hickens can swim.主此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：I think he is wrong, isn’t he? He thi