《翻译小技巧.docVIP

1.改变词类Conversion。英语一个词能充当的句子成分较少，充当不同成分时常常要改变词类。Insulin　is　used　in　the　treatment　of　diabetes.This　issue　is　of　paramount　importance.Rationing　by　points　is　over　and　rationing　by　the　purse　is　in.Oceanography　has　been　defined　as　″The　application　of　all　sciences　to　the　study　of　the　sea″.　1990.　12.　选词用字Diction。Before　Htest　he　and　the　others　were　led　away.　(抗议-分辩)Put　a　teaspoonful　of　tea　in　the　pot　and　then　you　just　add　the　boiling　water　to　it　and　let　it　stand.　(稍等片刻再喝)Its　a　crime　you　didnt　finish　school.　(憾事)3.词序调整Inversion。一个句子中词和分句的顺序，英汉两种语言往往不同。如表示时间和地点，英语常常是先小后大，而汉语是先大后小。His　address　is　3612　Market　Street　Philadelphia　PA　19001　USA.Done　when　you　need　help.black　and　white　TV　pany4.省略Omission。You　cannot　build　a　ship　a　bridge　or　a　house　if　you　dont　know　how　to　make　a　design　or　how　to　read　it.It　took　him　a　long　time　to　reach　the　bottom　and　to　couch　behind　a　little　dwarf　palm.　5.增词Amplification。英语中没有量词，助词，翻译时应根据上下文的需要予以增加。有些英语的不及物动词必须增加宾语意思才完整。I　could　knit　when　I　was　seven.Without　a　sense　of　your　fault　how　can　repentance　and　amendment　be　expected﹖　如果Walking　past　the　Garden　of　Eden　Adams　son　asked　his　father　″Who　owns　that　large　estate﹖″″Thats　where　your　mother　and　I　used　to　live″　replied　Adam　″before　she　ate　us　out　of　house　and　home.″6.重复Repetition。Practically　every　river　has　an　upper　a　middle　and　a　lower　part.　上游，中游，下游Itons　it　must　have　three　electrons　to　be　electrically　neutral.7.正译反译法NegationThe　Organization　has　not　so　far　justified　the　hopes　which　the　people　set　on　it.　(辜负)Suddenly　he　heard　a　sound　behind　him　and　realized　he　was　not　alone　in　the　garage.　(还有别人)If　a　patient　at　Beth　Ipose　another　approach　to　his　doctor.　1993.　18.分译法Division。英语长句多，为了符合汉语表达习惯，可将英语长句拆成短句。It　was　a　real　challenge　that　those　who　had　learned　from　us　now　excelled　us.　Iernational　security.Because　they　tremble　at　the　thought　of　being　seen　in　public　in　clothes　that　are　out　of　fashion　they　are　always　taken　advantage　of　by　the　designers　and　the　big　stores.　1993.　6