新步步高英语（通用版）二轮专题复习与增分策略训练：专题3完形填空第2讲　记叙文Word版含答案.doc

第2讲　记叙文 记叙文主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，具体地说，它是借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的状态及其发展过程，用以表现作者的思想，抒发某种情感的文章形式。近年来高考记叙文主要以叙事、记人为主，解答记叙文体的完形填空时，应着重把握以下几点： 1．抓住文章中心。中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。抓住了中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。 2．明确叙述角度。记叙文通常有两大叙述角度：第一和第三人称。第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，同学们可从字里行间阅读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感或态度。 第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。在做题时大家可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己就是文中的角色，那么会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。 3．理清写作顺序。根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺序、倒叙或穿插等方法进行叙述。理清这些线索有助于大家了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文章。 4．明确写作要素。包括事件、人物、时间、地点、原因和结果等，这六个要素是记叙文的基本组成部分，一般不能缺少。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。 5．洞悉写作目的。就事论事通常不是记叙的目的，而通过叙述整个事件阐明一个道理，是作者必须考虑的。只有心中有了目的，在情节选择和细节描写上才会作出合理的安排。明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主题。 (2016·北京) A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome，Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month，Dr.Welch 36 a sick boy，Billy，and knew he had diphtheria，a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 ，the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away，in Anchorage. How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 39 was already full of ice，so it couldn’t come by ship.Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet. 41 January 26，Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were 42 .Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 43 .They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana.From there，dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力)． The race began on January 27.The first musher，Shannon，picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher，Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.It was the most 48 part