t r a n s f o r m a t i o n s i s o m e t r i e s（t r n s f o r m t i o n i s o m e t r i e s）（6页）.docVIP

TRANSFORMATIONS ISOMETRIES (Adopted from Geometry by Michael Hvidsten) Let f be a correspondence that assigns points in a plane to points in a plane (so is both ‘source’ and ‘target’ for f. Example 1: The set of allowable inputs of the correspondence is called the domain of the correspondence. In Example 1, the domain of f, . If to each point in the domain, there corresponds a unique output, we call the correspondence a function. f in Example 1 is a function. The set of outputs of a function is called the range of the function. Observe that the range of f in Example 1 is A function is said to be one-to-one if different inputs give different outputs, i.e. or contrapositively . The function is said to be onto, if for every , so that So, the function is onto if (target). The function which is both one-to-one and onto is called a transformation of the plane. The function is called distance-preserving or a Euclidean Isometry if for any pair of point P and Q, distance (P, Q) = distance ( f(P), f(Q)). Exercise 1: Is an isometry? Theorem: Let be a Euclidean Isometry. Then f is one-to-one If f (P) = P’ and f (Q) = Q’, then f maps all points between P and Q to points between P’ and Q’ ( i.e. f (PQ) = P’Q’ ) f maps lines to lines f preserves angles f is onto the plane f preserves parallel lines So, an isometry is a length-preserving transformation Define the inverse of a function. _____________________________________________________________________________ Assignment 4( due October 2, 2008) Prove: Let be a Euclidean Isometry. Then f is onto the plane Show that a function that is one-to-one and onto must have a unique inverse. _______________________________________________________________________ Explain the term ‘fixed-point’. (Fixed points of a transformation/isometry are used to classify the transformation/isometry) Prove: Let f be an isometry. Let A and B be fixed points of f . Then