ppt课件-module5.2windturbinedesign(continued).pptVIP

Module 5.2Wind Turbine Design (Continued) Lakshmi N Sankar lsankar@ae.gatech.edu OVERVIEW In Module 5.1, we gave preliminary comments about rotor design. We reviewed the possible approaches to rotor design (parametric sweep, optimization, inverse design, genetic algorithm). These may be combined. For example, a response surface (or a carpet plot) of the power production as a function of design variables may be curve fitted, and searched for an optimum combination. While increasing the rotor radius is a good way of increasing power (since power varies as swept area) this greatly increases the weight and ultimately the cost of the system. Other parameters should also be optimized. In Module 5.1, we also looked at some available airfoils and their characteristics. Selection of Planform Once the airfoils are chosen, and the best lift coefficient (yielding highest Cl/Cd)at which the airfoil will operate are known, we can determine how chord “c” should vary with r. The idea is to set the axial induction factor to be equal to 1/3 – equal to the Betz limit- from root to tip. This value of induction factor yields the highest possible power from actuator disk model studies in Module 2. Optimum planforms are possible for a given tip speed ratio, but not for all tip speed ratios. Recall Thrust Produced by an Annulus of the Rotor Disk r dr Area = 2prdr Mass flow rate =2prr(U∞ -v)dr Change in induced velocity = 2v Thrust produced over this annulus= dT dT = (Mass flow rate) * (2v, i.e. Twice the induced velocity at the annulus) = 4prr(U∞ -v)vdr dT = 4prr U∞2(1-a)adr (1) Blade Elements Captured by the Annulus r dr Thrust generated by these blade elements: Some blade sections near the root and tip may not behave like 2-D sections. This is due to a loss of lift as pressure Tends to equalize between upper and lower sides of the rot and tip. We correct this with a loss factor F Optimum variation of Chord with r Equate 1 and 2 (neglecting drag