ppt课件-powderproperties05-2.ppt-terpconnect.pptVIP

What gas velocities are required? For particles larger than 100?m WenYu correlation Remf=33.7[(1+3.59*10-5Ar)0.5-1] Valid for spheres in the range 0.01 Remf1000 For particles less than 100 ?m(xP=particle diameter) For fluidized beds-harmonic mean of mass distribution used as mean Bubbles vs. No Bubbles umb=superficial velocity at which bubbles first appear umb(Abrahamsen Fieldart,1980) for For groups BD powders, they only bubble, umf= umb For group C, bubbles never form (cohesive force too high) channeling occurs Slugging When size of bubbles is greater than 1/3 of diam. of bed, rise velocity is controlled by equipment Slugging leads to large pressure fluctuations vibrations Don’t want slugging! YagiMuchi(1952) criteria to avoid slugging (Hmf:bed height at onset of fluidization, D:diameter of bed) Expansion of a fluidized bed For non bubbling, there’s a region where u increases, particle separation increases but ?P/H remains constant u is related to uT –single particle terminal velocity in general u= uT?n, ?=voidage of the bed u= uT?4.65 ReP 500 u= uT?2.4 Between - Khan Richardson, 1989 More Bed Stuff Expansion for bubbling beds Simple theory-any gas excess of that needed for fluidization could form bubbles (not perfect since for low cohesive powders, much increase in gas velocity can occur before bubbling increase leads to lower density,bigger bed volume) Relationship between gas as bubbles gas doing fluidization depends on type of powder Entrainment Removal of particles from bed by fluidizing gas Rate of entrainment size distribution of entrained particles will depend on particle size density, gas density viscosity, gas velocity fluctuations, gas flow regime, radial position, vessel diameter Entrainment Applications for fluidized beds Drying – minerals, sand, polymers, pharma-ceuticals, fertilizers Mixing – all kinds of materials Gra