subbasinareabaseflowcharacteristicsandlossrate（21页）.docVIP

HECHMS and Hydrologic Modeling ENVI 512 February 2003 Hydrologic and Hydraulic Models Representation of flooding is accomplished using two types of models: hydrologic and hydraulic. Hydrologic modeling simulates the hydrologic response (flow) of a basin to a given input of rainfall. HEC1 and HECHMS are two types of hydrologic models. Hydraulic modeling simulates the hydraulic response (water surface profiles) of a stream to a given input of flows. HEC2 and HECRAS are both hydraulic models. Both hydrologic and hydraulic models are needed for an in-depth flood analysis of any watershed system. While this exercise will only deal with using HECHMS for hydrologic modeling, a brief description of the four previously mentioned models are given below: HEC1 The HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph package calculates discharge hydrographs for a given rainfall event. According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, “The HEC1 model is designed to simulate the surface runoff response of a river basin to precipitation by representing the basin as an interconnected system of hydrologic and hydraulic components. …Representation of a component requires a set of parameters which specify the particular characteristics of the component and mathematical relations which describe the physical processes. The result of the modeling process is the computation of streamflow hydrographs at desired locations in the river basin.” Thus for computer modeling purposes, HEC1 divides the watershed into subwatersheds and reaches. Each subwatershed and reach uses averaged values over the area or stream length for the mathematical coefficients for the hydrologic and hydraulic computations. For this reason, HEC1 is referred to as a “lumped-parameter” model. HECHMS The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Modeling System (HECHMS) is the Windows-based hydrologic model that supersedes HEC1 and contains many improvements over its predecessor. The most notable difference is an easy-to-use graphical user in