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Comput的ational Logics for Knowledge Representation.ppt

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Hanoi, August 22 - September 1, 2005 Computational Logics for Knowledge Representation José Júlio Alves Alferes What is Knowledge Representation? Central issue in Artificial Intelligence Which data is dealt with by intelligent agents? Certainly not only facts or tuples How does an agent “knows” about its environment, and about the “rules of the game”? This knowledge must be represented And what do to next with this knowledge? How to draw conclusions out of it (reasoning)? Knowledge Representation And Reasoning is for AI like data-structures and algorithms is for general computing KR simple example Knowledge Several people sit at a round table Each drinks a different kind of soda Each plans to visit a different french-speaking country The one who is planning to visit quebec, who drank either blueberry or lemon soda, didn’t sit in chair 1 Jeane didn’t sit next to the person who enjoyed the kiwi soda The person who will travel to Belgium, who sat in chair 4 or 5, didn’t order the tangelo soda … Reasoning for: What each of them is drinking? Where each of them will go? Another KR example Knowledge There are blocks on the floor, arranged in stacks They need to be rearranged into different stacks At each step only one block can be moved The moved block must be on top of a stack, or on the floor, and can only be moved to a top or floor How to represent this piece of information? Given a concrete configurations of blocks, how to reason in order to find out what to do? Yet other examples Knowledge representation and reasoning for: Given a set of places to visit, and a set of connections, find out the closest route Given a model of a device (say a circuit) an observations in various points of the device, find out what can be going wrong. What is it good for? Base for Artificial Intelligence, e.g. in Planning Legal Reasoning Diagnosis Expert Sistems Semantic Web () Web of Knowledge What is this course about? Computational Logics approaches to Knowledge Representation and Reas