不確定性数据.doc

不确定性数据管理技术 周傲英1) 金澈清1) 王国仁2) 李建中3) 1)（上海高可信计算重点实验室 华东师范大学 上海 200062） 2)（东北大学信息科学与工程学院 沈阳 110004） 3)（哈尔滨工业大学计算机科学与技术学院 哈尔滨 150001） 摘要：Management of Uncertain Data ZHOU Ao-ying JIN Che-Qing WANG Guo-Ren LI Jian-Zhong (Shanghai Key Lab of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062) (School of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004) (School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001) Abstract: The importance of the data uncertainty is studied deeply with the rapid development in data gathering and processing in various fields, inclusive of economy, military, logistic, finance and telecommunication, et al. Uncertain data has many different styles, such as relational data, semi-structure data, streaming data, and moving objects. According to scenarios and data characteristics, tens of data models have been developed, stemming from the core possible world model that contains a huge number of the possible world instances with the sum of probabilities equal to 1. However, the number of the possible world instances is far greater than the volume of the uncertain database, making it infeasible to combine medial results generated from all of possible world instances for the final query results. Thus, some heuristic techniques, such as ordering, pruning, must be used to reduce the computation cost for the high efficiency. This paper introduces the concepts, characteristics and challenges in uncertain data management, proposes the advance of the research on uncertain data management, including data model, preprocessing, integrating, storage, indexing, and query processing. Keywords uncertain data, possible world model; data integration; lineage; uncertain stream 1 引言 近四十年来，传统的确定性数据（deterministic data）管理技术得到了极大的发展，造就了一个几百亿的数据库产业。数据库技术和系统已经成为建设信息化社会基础设施的重要支撑。在传统数据库的应用中，数据的存在性和精确性均确凿无疑。近年来，随着技术的进步和人们对数据采集和处理技术理解的不断深入，不确定性（uncertain）基于位置的服务（Location-Based Serv