Les03_chinese_单行函数解读.ppt

Oracle Date Format Oracle database stores dates in an internal numeric format, representing the century, year, month, day, hours, minutes, and seconds. The default display and input format for any date is DD-MON-RR. Valid Oracle dates are between January 1, 4712 B.C. and December 31, 9999 A.D. In the example in the slide, the HIRE_DATE for the employee Gietz is displayed in the default format DD-MON-RR. However, dates are not stored in the database in this format. All the components of the date and time are stored. So, although a HIRE_DATE such as 07-JUN-94 is displayed as day, month, and year, there is also time and century information associated with it. The complete data might be June 7th, 1994 5:10:43 p.m. This data is stored internally as follows: CENTURY YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR MINUTE SECOND 19 94 06 07 5 10 43 Centuries and the Year 2000 The Oracle server is year 2000 compliant. When a record with a date column is inserted into a table, the century information is picked up from the SYSDATE function. However, when the date column is displayed on the screen, the century component is not displayed by default. The DATE data type always stores year information as a four-digit number internally: two digits for the century and two digits for the year. For example, the Oracle database stores the year as 1996 or 2001, and not just as 96 or 01. The SYSDATE Function SYSDATE is a date function that returns the current database server date and time. You can use SYSDATE just as you would use any other column name. For example, you can display the current date by selecting SYSDATE from a table. It is customary to select SYSDATE from a dummy table called DUAL. Example Display the current date using the DUAL table. SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL; Arithmetic with Dates Since the database stores dates as numbers, you can perform calculations using arithmetic operators such as addition and subtraction. You can add and subtract number constants as well as