少年运动员在热环境运动补充不同含钠量饮料的生理反应 陈吉棣.docVIP

少年运动员在热环境运动补充不同含钠量饮料的生理反应中国运动医学杂志CHINESE JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE1998年? 第4期 No.4 1998 陈吉棣　李可基　艾　华　拾景达　章　硕　吴玉珍　陈志民　刘晓鹏　史小才* 　　提要　报道了青少年运动员在热环境下进行间歇性运动、补充不同含钠量(0mmol/L、18mmol/L、39mmol/L、59mmo1/L)饮料的多项生理指标反应。结果表明：补充含钠量为18—59mmol/L的饮料优于无钠饮料。补充无钠饮料时，随运动时间延长，血浆渗透压和血浆钠浓度显著下降；补充含钠量为18mmol/L或39mmol/L饮料时，运动后收缩血压升高幅度小、恢复快，血浆钠水平和血浆渗透压相对稳定。从血压、体温增加值、体热蓄积、出汗量、血浆渗透压、血浆钠水平、血容量以及饮料的口感等指标综合评定，含钠量为18mmo1/L和39mmol/L的饮料被认为最佳。　　关键词　不同含钠量饮料　多项生理反应　热环境运动　青少年运动员Physiological Responses of Adolescent Athletes Exercise in A Hot EnvironmentReplaced with Different Sodium Content Drinks Chen Jidi,Li Keji,Ai Hua,Shi Xiaocai,et al.Institute of Sports Medicine,Beijing Medical University,Beijing,China 100083 　　This paper has reported the multiple physiological responses of young adolescent athletes taking an intermittent exercise under a hot environment supplemented with different sodium content drinks(Na+ content:0mmol/L,18mmo/L,39mmol/L,and 59mmol/L).Results showed that Na+ content of 18-59 mmol/L drinks are better replacements than the drink with no Na+ inclusion.As exercise time was prolonged,plasma osmolaity and plasma Na+ levels decreased significantly as athletes were replaced with Na+-free drink.Systolic pressure increased significantly lower and recovered more rapidly after the first bout of exercise,and plasma Na+ levels and plasma osmolality kept relatively stable as supplemented with the sodium content of 18mmol/L or 39 mmol/L drinks.From the aspect of multiple physiological responses including blood pressure,increase of average body temperature,body heat storage,sweat amount,plasma osmolality,plasma sodium,plasma volume and the taste of drinks,Na+ content of 18 mmol/L and 39mmol/L drinks were considered the best.Key words:Different Sodium content drinks,multiple physiological responses,exercise in hot environments,adolescent athletes 1　引言 　　脱水是青少年运动员在热环境下进行运动提前发生疲劳的一个重要原因。脱水不仅限制体力活动能力、还会影响体温调节和心血管功能，并引起水盐代谢失衡；从而危害运动员的健康。脱水导致的热损伤和低钠血症是运动医学领域中的最重要的问题之一［1—5］。为了防止脱水所致的损伤，很多研究都确认运动员在热