AIDS艾滋病英文__培训课件.pptVIP

?AIDS What is AIDS? AIDS stands for: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS is a medical condition. A person is diagnosed with AIDS when their immune system is too weak to fight off infections. What causes AIDS? AIDS is caused by HIV.(人类免疫不全病毒) HIV is a virus that gradually attacks immune system cells. As HIV progressively damages these cells, the body becomes more vulnerable to infections, which it will have difficulty in fighting off. It is at the point of very advanced HIV infection that a person is said to have AIDS. It can be years before HIV has damaged the immune system enough for AIDS to develop. 2 H i s o r y Genetic research indicates that HIV originated in west-central Africa during the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. AIDS was first recognized by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981 and its cause, HIV, identified in the early 1980s. AIDS is now a pandemic. What are the symptoms of AIDS? The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of conditions that do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. Opportunistic infections are common in people with AIDS. These infections affect nearly every organ system. People with AIDS also have an increased risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposis sarcoma （ [sɑ:k?um?]特发性出血性肉瘤）, cervical （[s?:vik?l] 颈部的） cancer and cancers of the immune system known as lymphomas （[limf?um?] 淋巴瘤）. Additionally, people with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection like fevers, sweats (particularly at night), swollen glands（[gl?nd]）, chills, weakness, and weight loss. The spread of AIDS way 1. Mother-to-child transmission 2. Sexually transmitted 3. Transmitted through blood 1.Mother-to-child transmission The transmission of the virus from the mother to the child can occur in utero（子宫） during the last weeks of pregnancy and at childbirth. 2. Sexually transmitted The majority of HIV infections are acquired through unprotected sexual relations between part