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Reform of the RMB Exchange Rate System towards Free Fluctuation.doc
Reform of the RMB Exchange Rate System towards Free Fluctuation
Abstract. Along with the development characteristics of Chinese economy in different periods of time, the reform of the RMB exchange rate system is also being deepened. From the perspective of history, the RMB exchange rate system has undergone an evolution process from officially-decided exchange rate to market-decided exchange rate and from fixed exchange rate to managed fluctuating exchange rate. With the further opening-up of Chinese economy and the need on the international strategy of RMB, the free fluctuation of RMB will be the ultimate goal of the reform of the RMB exchange rate. However, in the reform of the exchange rate, the initiative, controllable and gradual principle will be always kept by China. This suggests that the free fluctuation of RMB may still need a long time.
Key words: RMB; the Reform of the Exchange Rate System; Free Fluctuation
Since the RMB exchange rate was issued in 1949, the RMB exchange rate system has been continuously reformed along with the change from the planned economy to the market economy in China. With the purpose of meeting the need of Chinese economy on continuous opening-up, the reform of the RMB exchange rate system is also being constantly deepened. Seen from the different development stages of Chinese economy in different periods of time, the reform of the RMB exchange rate system can be divided into four stages.
1 Stage One: The Stage of National Economy Recovery and the Planned Economy (1949-1980)
From 1949 to 1952, because of wars, Chinese economy was seriously damaged, making the price of commodities swiftly higher and the life of the people difficult. In this period of time, the RMB exchange rate system was still in the stage of exploration. The RMB exchange rate was mainly adjusted along with the price of commodities at foreign and domestic markets, but actually a free fluctuating rate system was implemented in China. Because of K
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