increasingsamplesize- carroll college（increasingsamplesize -卡罗尔学院）（14页）.docVIP

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increasingsamplesize- carroll college（increasingsamplesize -卡罗尔学院）（14页）.doc

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Roxy Peck Many of these questions are from the clicker questions that accompany the following two textbooks: Roxy Peck and Jay Devore, Statistics: The Exploration and Analysis of Data, 6th Edition, Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning 2008. Roxy Peck, Chris Olsen and Jay Devore, Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis, 3rd Edition, Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning 2008. Increasing sample size Has no effect on bias Increases bias Decreases bias In order to estimate the proportion of students at a small liberal arts college who watch reality TV for more than 4 hours per week, a random sample of students at the school is selected and each is interviewed about his or her reality TV viewing habits. The students conducting the survey are worried that people that watch reality TV might be embarrassed to admit it and that they may not respond to the survey with honest answers. What type of bias are the students conducting the survey worried about? They shouldnt worry—there is no obvious source of bias. Selection bias Nonresponse bias Measurement or response bias “Graduating is good for your health,” according to a headline in the Boston Globe (3 April 1998). The article noted “According to the Center for Disease Control, college graduates feel better emotionally and physically than do high school dropouts.” Do you think the headline is justified based on this statement? Yes, as long as the data was from random samples of college graduates and high school dropouts. Yes, because this must have been an observational study. As long as it was a well-designed study, the headline is justified. No, because the headline implies a cause and effect relationship, which is not justified based on an observational study. No, because this study must have been an experiment and we can’t draw cause and effect conclusions from an experiment. In a study of perceived importance of money, 100 attorneys were selected at random from those in private practice and 100 attorneys w