第三章词语的翻译(P69-120).docVIP

第三章 词语的翻译 (P69-120) 篇章是最终的考核质量单位，句子是基本的操作单位，大部分难题集中在词汇单位 理解并妥帖表达词语的意义是学习汉译英的基础 词语指称意义与蕴涵意义的确定 (P69) 指称意义的理解和表达 (P69-71) 英军胜利地登上了小岛。 我军胜利地登上了120高地。 Land on, climb on 他对事情的进展情况也还满意。 He is quite/fairly satisfied with the way things/situation went. 如果你留下来，我也要留下来。 小马也就是十二、三岁。 她怎么好好地就自杀了？这也怪了！ 他是我父亲。 这姑娘是漂亮。 此人是书就读。 是可忍，孰不可忍？ 是古非今。 He is my father. The girl is really beautiful. This man reads every book he can reach/get/lay his hands on. If this can be tolerated, what cannot? Praise the past to condemn the present 5. 知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 6. When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, when you do not know a thing, to allow you do not know it – this is knowledge. 蕴涵意义的理解与表达 （P72-79） 由指称意义衍生出的蕴涵意义，词语的隐含意义implied or suggested meaning “金陵十二钗” the twelve hairpins of Jinling 售货员说：“听我说，这鞋子穿几天就变大了。” The shop assistant said ,“believe me. This pair of shoes will stretch after a few days.” 公司要求所有的雇员都懂计算机。 司机不懂我的话。 他懂礼貌。 干部必须懂国家政策。 The driver didn’t understand me. He has good manners Heads are expected to have a good command of state policies. 根据语言环境确定原文词义 红包：过年，婚庆，生日 单位节假日 行贿 Gift money, lucky money, bonus, bribes 身体好，学习好，工作好 Keep fit, study well and work hard 鲁贵：他妈的！（激动地问）你们想想，你们哪一个对得起我？（向四凤和大海）你们哪一个不是我辛辛苦苦养大的？可是你们哪一件事做的对得起我？（对大海）你说？（对四凤）你说？（对侍萍）你也说说，这都是你的好孩子啊？。。。我跟你们一块儿饿肚子等死。你们想想，你们是哪一件事情对得起我？（对大海）。。。我要是饿死，你是那一点对得起我？我问问你，我要是这样死了？ Lu Gui: God almighty! (heatedly) just look at you. There is no one of you who can look me in the face! I’ve worked fingers to the bone to bring you two up, both of you, but what have either of you ever done to show your gratitude? (To Dahai) Eh? (To Sifeng) Answer me that! (to Lu-ma) Or perhaps you can tell me saying that they are your precious children?......I’ve just got to stay here and starve to death with you! Now just ask yourselves: What have you ever done for me that you can be proud of? If I die, you’d have it on your conscience, now wouldn’t you? Eh, if I did die like this. look me