ppt课件-height mod focus group（高度mod焦点小组）.pptVIP

01-Jun-04 The NGS Gravity Program  and Geoid ModelingProfessional Land Surveyors of Colorado2006 Fall Technical Program and Annual Meeting Daniel R. Roman National Geodetic Survey National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OUTLINE OF TALK Introduction Overview of current gravimetric geoid models Overview of current hybrid geoids Heights and the datasheet Plans for Geoid Modeling at NGS Ongoing research areas Of local interest Conclusions GEOIDS versus GEOID HEIGHTS “The equipotential surface of the Earth’s gravity field which best fits, in the least squares sense, (global) mean sea level.”* Can’t see the surface or measure it directly. Can be modeled from gravity data as they are mathematically related. Note that the geoid is a vertical datum surface. A geoid height is the ellipsoidal height from an ellipsoidal datum to a geoid. Hence, geoid height models are directly tied to the geoid and ellipsoid that define them (i.e., geoid height models are not interchangeable). *Definition from the Geodetic Glossary, September 1986 In Search of the Geoid… High Resolution Geoid ModelsG99SSS (Scientific Model) Earth Gravity Model of 1996 (EGM96) 2.6 million terrestrial, ship-borne, and altimetric gravity measurements 30 arc second Digital Elevation Data 3 arc second DEM for the Northwest USA Decimated from 1 arc second NGSDEM99 Computed on 1 x 1 arc minute grid spacing GRS-80 ellipsoid centered at ITRF97 origin High Resolution Geoid ModelsUSGG2003 (Scientific Model) 2.6 million terrestrial, ship, and altimetric gravity measurements offshore altimetry from GSFC.001 instead of KMS98 30 arc second Digital Elevation Data 3 arc second DEM for the Northwest USA Decimated from 1 arc second NGSDEM99 Earth Gravity Model of 1996 (EGM96) Computed on 1 x 1 arc minute grid spacing GRS-80 ellipsoid centered at ITRF00 origin Ellipsoid, Geoid, and Orthometric Heights Composite Geoids Gravity Geoid systematic misfit with benchmarks Composite Geoid biased to