ppt课件-intelligent transportation systems( i t s)（智能交通系统(i t s)）.pptVIP

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2017-01-25 发布于四川
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ppt课件-intelligent transportation systems( i t s)（智能交通系统(i t s)）.ppt

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* * * * Mike Savonis Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) US Department of Transportation IntelliDrive is a registered service mark of the US Department of Transportation. AERIS: The Policy Context for Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases What are the Emissions of Concern? Criteria Pollutants Ozone (NOx VOCs), Particulate Matter, Carbon Monoxide (CO) Air Toxics Diesel Particulate Matter, Benzene, Acetaldehyde, Butadiene, Formaldehyde, Acrolein, Naphthalene, Polycyclic Organic Matter Greenhouse Gases Criteria Pollutants are Declining -79% -25% -19% Characteristics of Criteria Pollutants Geographic scale Microscale (“hotspots”) Regional (“metropolitan”) Time Frame Duration of events – hours to days 20-Year Planning horizon Climate Impacts are Significant Average global temperature to rise 2 to 11.5 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100 Sea-level to rise 3-4 feet by 2100 Impacts in US: Increase in severity of storms, draughts, floods, heat waves Widespread climate impacts are occurring now and expected to increase CO2 is the Predominant Greenhouse Gas (GHG) All U.S. Sources Transportation Weighted by Global Warming Potential (GWP) Not Included in Official Inventories: Tropospheric Ozone Black Carbon Source: EPA. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks, 1990 to 2006. 2008. On Road Sources are the Largest Share * Source: EPA. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks, 1990 to 2006. 2008. Note: Above figures include international bunker fuels purchased in the U.S. GHG Emissions Trends: 1990-2006 Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics. National Transportation Statistics. Light duty emissions have increased by 24% But emissions from freight trucks have increased 77% Characteristics of GHGs Geographic Scale Global, but national “targets” Time Frame Cumulative process, CO2 stays in the atmosphere ~ 100 years Major climate change effects realized over 50 – 100 year period But “short” (e.g. 10-15 year) term reductions needed What do we kn