PowerElectronics-28.pptVIP

ECE 364 – Power Electronics P. T. Krein Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Power Electronics Discontinuous mode and relationships. More about critical values. Exploring Relationships First, we will finish the buck-boost case. The peak inductor current is VinD1T/L. The average input current is D1 iL(peak)/2. D2 is now unknown. But because Pin = Pout, we can find Vout in terms of Vin, D1, R, T, L. Output Values Now, Pin = Vin2 D12 T/(2L) = Pout Pout = Vout2/R We have The solution is when D1 + D2 1. Output Values The output magnitude is higher than would be expected with large L. In the end, the relationships listed in the text are the results. Summary of Relationships We can analyze any dc-dc converter based on energy conservation. Conservation holds even when average relationships become more complicated. Why Does It Matter? Why not choose sufficient L or C to avoid discontinuous mode? At light loads, this is not always possible. There are certain advantages to discontinuous mode. Advantages - DCM For current, each cycle is the same whether first starting or in steady state. Response is very fast. Low L. Extra output voltage (is this is useful?). Disadvantages - DCM Output depends on load. Tendency toward magnetic saturation. Sometimes hard to keep the output voltage constrained. Light Load In general, there is always a DCM when the load power is low enough. This would suggest that we cannot assume continuous mode for design. One problem is that ripple is extreme in DCM. Ballast Load We can choose a minimum load to ensure continuous mode. One alternative is a ballast load: an extra resistance inside the converter that keeps it out of discontinuous mode. We keep it low (e.g. 1% load). Definition The value of L that is just sufficient to maintain positive current is called the critical inductance Lcrit. If L Lcrit, current flow is maintained, and average relations hold as before. Critical Inductance No