(翻译常识.docVIP

英译汉翻译技能 归化 (Adaptation)由于文化上的差异，英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。常用于翻译成语、典故、形象词等文化色彩较浓的表达方式 1) have a wolf by the ears 骑虎难下 2) to be cut at elbows 捉襟见肘 3) at sword’s points 强烈分歧 4) Give a dog an ill name and hang him. 欲加之罪，何患无词 5) A little pot is soon hot 量小易怒 6) I don’t understand how he can think she is good-looking, but beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 我不知道他怎么会认为她好看呢，但是情人眼里出西施。 7) He may always possess merits which make up for everything; if he loses on the swings, he may win on the roundabouts. 他也许总是保持着弥补一切的优点，失之东隅的，他可以收之桑榆。 8) It was a case of diamond cut diamond. They thought they were going to beat Barcelona. In fact they lost the game 0:3. 强中自有强中手，他们以为可以痛宰巴塞罗那，事实上他们0：3惨败。 9) All you can do is to burn your boats and fight them in the hope that one day they’ll come out on top. 你只有破釜沉舟跟他们拚，或许有朝一日会出头的。 10) The students must be enjoying the speech, because they’re laughing their heads off. 学生们笑得前仰后合，他们一定是很欣赏这个演讲。-------------单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词分译成一个句子。 目的：1、句法上的需要  2、修辞上的需要  1) At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply. 现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险。 2) The inside of each tent depended on the personality of its occupants. 每个帐篷内怎么布置，这就要看各个使用者的性格了。 3) Aunt Julia vainly asked each of her neighbours in turn to tell her what Gabriel had said. 朱莉亚姨妈接连向坐在旁边的人打听加布里埃尔刚才说了些什么，却没有问出个所以然来。 4) The American commander, Admiral Nimitz, was understandably reluctant to join the battle. 美军司令上将尼米兹怠于出战，这是可以理解的。 Oslash; 短语分译 短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句子。 1) The intent to make an immediate gift must be clear and unmistakable, and the transfer must take immediate and permanent effect. 直接赠与的意向必须明白无误，转让行为必须立即产生效力，且该效力应具有永久性。 2) Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 hundred years old. 这座桥是1192年修建的，至今已经有700多年的历史了。