英语：动词知识树.ppt

现在完成时 用法:1.表示过去发生的已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果. 2.表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去. 标志:just,ever,never, before,since,for, always,yet等. 图示: 将来 现在 过去 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ have has 构成: +过去分词 现在完成时拓展(1): 标志性副词 1.just “刚刚” 2.ever “曾经” 3.never “从来没有” 4.before “以前” 后不加时间,放在句末. 5.always “总是,一直” 6.yet “还,仍然” 用于否定句和疑问句.放在句末. 现在完成时拓展(2): 时间标志since和for的用法和区别 since 共同点 since+过去的时间点 都和延续性 动词连用. since+时间段 +ago since+一般过去时的句子 提问都用how long since的句型 for for+时间段 It is +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子 It has been +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子 时间段+has past +since+一般过去时的句子 现在完成时拓展(3):延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别和转换 延续性动词 现在完成时 可用 非延续性动词 since和for 连用 现在完成时 可用 延续性动词 非延续性动词 buy have borrow keep open be open begin/start be on leave be away from join be in close be closed 延续性动词 非延续性动词 come be here go be away finish be over put on wear arrive/reach be catch a cold have a cold wake up be awake 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 现在完成时强调现在，因此不能和表示过去的时间点连用。 一般过去时强调过去，需要和yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 2009等表示过去的时间状语连用。 拓展： 连接中考: 现在完成时 (09河南 单选) Of course we know each other well. We __D __ friends since many years ago. A.are B.became C.have been D.have become (10）----They say there’s a new restaurant nearby. ----Yes, and it ___A ____for no more than a week. A.has been open B.opens C.is opening D.is opened (11完形) The child said, I’ve __A___that on the earth there are bad man.Who will protect me?” A.heard B.remembered C.forgotten D.said (11) ----Tony,__D_you ____smoking? ----Yes.Drinking tea is my favorite now. A.will stop B.did stop C.would stop D.have stopped (12)----Look! The light is still on in Mr.Zhang’s office. ----I’m afraid he___C ____his work yet. A.doesn’t finish B.didn’t finish C.hasn’t finished D.won’t finish (13河南填词)But remember, no matte