第10讲面向对象编程基础.pptxVIP

第10讲 面向对象编程基础（1）主讲：吕震宇本讲内容主要内容为什么要面向对象编程类与对象什么是“静态”重点类与对象的区别静态方法与静态属性难点静态方法与静态属性一、为什么要面向对象编程为什么要面向对象编程C#版与C语言版的HelloWorld程序对比C#版程序C语言版程序using System;class Program{ static void Main() { Console.WriteLine(Hello, World!); }}#include stdio.hmain(){ printf(“Hello, World!\n);}冗余的代码？为什么要面向对象编程#include stdio.hdouble balance = 0.0;void Withdraw(double amount){?balance = balance - amount; }void Deposit(double amount){ balance = balance + amount; }ShowBalance(){?printf(%12.2f\n, balance); }Withdraw( ) Deposit(10000.0);?Withdraw(2000.0);?ShowBalance(); balanceDeposit( )main() {} balance = 999999999.9;?ShowBalance();?printf(Oh! my God!\n); C语言案例两个方法访问同一数据为什么要面向对象编程 ?double balance = 0;?void Withdraw(double amount)?{ balance -= amount; }?void Deposit(double amount)?{ balance += amount; } Withdraw( )balanceDeposit( )为什么要面向对象编程public class Account { } ?double balance = 0;?void Withdraw(double amount)?{ balance -= amount; }?void Deposit(double amount)?{ balance += amount; } Withdraw( )balanceDeposit( )类（class）构筑起了一道围墙封装为什么要面向对象编程public class Account {?private double balance = 0;?public void Withdraw(double amount)?{ balance -= amount; }?public void Deposit(double amount)?{ balance += amount; }} public class Account {} Withdraw( )balanceDeposit( )public 与 private 控制了访问策略public 允许围墙外的人进行访问private 禁止围墙外的人进行访问封装的优点控制访问只有“公有”的方法和属性能被外界访问允许变化在“公有”的方法和属性不变的情况下，允许“私有”信息内部变化Withdraw( )Withdraw( )Deposit( )Deposit( )balance 12.56dollars 12cents56public class Account {?private double balance = 0;?public void Withdraw(double amount)?{ balance -= amount; }?public void Deposit(double amount)?{ balance += amount; }?public void ShowBalance()?{ Console.WriteLine( “Current balance is {0}”, balance); } } public class Client {?public static void Main()?{?Account account1 = new Account();?account1.Deposit(10000); ?account1.Withdraw(7000);?account1.ShowBalance(); ?} }二、类与对象类与对象public class Account { ……} public class Client {?public static void Main()?{??Account account1 = new Account();?……??Acc