济南市大气质量评价与变化动态研究黄大伟.doc

摘要 本文以大气中的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、细颗粒物（PM2.5)、二氧化硫（SO?)、二氧化氮（NO?）、臭氧（O?）、一氧化碳（CO）为污染因子，采用大气污染综合指数法，上海大气质量指数评价法分析评价了2015年济南市大气质量现状，利用秩相关系数法和总体标准差对济南市12-15年大气中的污染物变化特征、变化趋势做出评价，最后论述污染物的产生源及产生原因结合济南市的经济技术条件提出合理的大气防治对策。结论为： 12-15年济南市大气质量略有转好趋势，二氧化硫、可吸入颗粒物、一氧化碳作为煤烟型大气污染的代表，12-15年间年平均浓度有下降趋势，作为城市首要污染物天数的比例降低；臭氧、二氧化氮作为机动车型大气污染的代表，12-15年间年平均浓度有升高趋势，尤其是臭氧，作为城市首要污染物天数的占比很大，这表明济南市正从煤烟型大气污染转向复合型大气污染。 关键词： 环境空气质量评价 ；大气综合污染指数； 变化特征 Abstract Taking PM10,PM2.5,SO2,NO2,CO,O3 as the pollution factor, this article uses atmospheric pollution comprehensive index and Shanghai air quality index as the way to evaluate the atmospheric environmental quality in Jinan 2015 ，uses the rank correlation coefficient method and the overall standard difference as the way to evaluate atmospheric pollutants variation characteristics and change trend of Jinan 12-15 years . ,and to evaluate the pollution characteristics and the changing trend. Finally, we discuss the pollutants generated source and causes of Jinan City Economic and technological conditions and put forward reasonable atmosphere prevention countermeasures. The main conclusions are as follows: Based on the analysis, the air quality in Jinan City of 2012-2015,has a slight upturn trend, sulfur dioxide, respirable particulate matter, carbon monoxide,as a representative of coal-burning air pollution , its average concentration is decreased in 2012-2015, The proportion of the number of days as the citys primary pollutant reduced, ozone, nitrogen dioxide as a representative of the motor vehicle air pollution, average concentration in 2012-2015 has increased, especially ozone, as cities primary pollutant days accounted for a large proportion, suggesting that Jinan city is turning to complex air pollution from coal-burning air pollution. Key words:Air quality assessment ; Atmospheric pollution comprehensive ; Air pollution characteristic  目录 第一章 绪论 1 1. 研究背景和意义 1 2. 我国大气研究现状 1 2.1 近年来我国大城市空气污染情况 1 2