015-完形填空-第十五篇液化是日本地震破坏的关键.doc

第十五篇液化是日本地震破坏的关键 +第十五篇 “Liquefaction” Key tò Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage 一份分析报告表明，在日本，巨大的俯冲带地震致使土壤液化的程度之严重，范围之广令研究者们着实吃了一惊。 The massive subduction zone earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soi1liquefaction that has suprised researchers with its_widespread_severity , a new analysis shows. A.internal B. different C. difficult D.widespread 1. D 前文说到日本的俯冲带地震是massive 〔巨大的〕 ，而且沙土液化到达一个significant level 。根据上述描述，选widespread 〔分布广泛的〕修饰severity 是正确的。其他三个选项与severity 搭配后，意思接不上。 extent of damage in Japan were unusually severe，said Scott Ashford，a professor of geotechnical engineering at Oregon State University. Entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments, Ashford said. The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines ,crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to function. We saw some places that sank as much as four feet. A.Volume B.length C.extent D.width 2. C 本句由but 连接并列的两个分句组成。第一个分句说以前也发生过地震引发酌沙土液化的现象，但涉及范围较小。第二个分句通过but 语气一转，说这次地震造成的破坏是罕见的。很显然，选extent 〔程度〕与distance 〔距离，范围〕合用说明破坏的程度和范围是符合上下文意思的。 A.function B.repair C.build D.remove 3. A 在The shifts in soil destroyed water, sewer and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to . . . 中， these communities need to . . . 是定语从句，指代utilities 和infrastructure 的关系代词which 在定语从句中起宾语作用，被省略了。need 后面的动词不定式的逻辑主语是which ，也就是utilities and infrastructure。从意思上看，这些社区需要这些公用事业设备和基础设施起功能作用〔function〕 。选function 是对的。其他选项都不合适。 几乎任何大地震都会带来某种程度的土壤液化。这种现象是由于地震中浸满了水的土壤，尤其刚沉淀下来的沉淀物或细沙土在振动作用下突然失去支撑的力量而呈现液态变化，从而导致地面建筑物移动、下沉或倒塌。 Some degree of soi1 liquefaction is common in almost any major earthquake. It s a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand , can lose much of their strength and flow during an earthquake. this can allow structures to shift or sink or collapse. A.durability B.strength C.ability D.property 4. B 浸了水的沙土，特别是新近的沉积土、沙土等失去的不会是durability 〔耐用性〕和ability 〔能力〕 ，也不会是泛泛的property 〔性质〕 ，而是stren