专题九定语从与句名词性从句.docxVIP

专题四 定语从句和名词性从句考点一 定语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句对先行词起限定修饰作用；非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。在非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由都好隔开。非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句等。如：He has two sons, who work in the same company. 他有两个儿子，他们在同一家公司上班。（他只有两个儿子）He has two sons who work in the same company. 他有两个儿子，在同一家公司上班。（他可能不止一个儿子）关系代词的用法限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 主语 宾语 定语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的介词宾语指人Who/ that, asWho/ who/ that, as介词+whomWhose/ of whom指物Which/that, asThat/ which, as介词+whichWhose/ of which1.先行词指人，先行词在定语从句中做主语，需用who/ that引导，且不能省略。She is the girl who/ that lives next door.2.先行词指人且在定语从句中做宾语，用whom/ who/ that引导，且可以省略。That’s the girl (who/ whom/ that) I teach.3..先行词指物，先行词在定语从句中做主语，需要用which/ that引导，且不可以省略The work which/ that has just been finished is very important.4.先行词指物，且在定语从句中做宾语，用which/ that引导，且可以省略。That is the book (which/ that) I want to read.5.先行词指人或物且在定语从句中做定语，用whose/ of which/ of whom引导。This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known.This is the scientist , of whom the achievements are well known.这就是那位成绩卓越的科学家。6.as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式1）such+名词+as… 像……一样；像……之类的2）such (pron.)+ as…像……一样；像……之类的3) the same+名词+as… 和……一样的We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。（做主语）This book is not such as I expect.这不是我想要的书。（做宾语）I have the same book as he has.我和他有同样的书。（做宾语）（二）非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法用法见下表：主语宾语定语及物动词宾语被提前的介词宾语指人Who, asWhom/ who, as介词+whomWhose/ of whom指物Which, asWhich, as介词+ whichWhose/ of which句子 Which, as1.关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略。2.who（主语、宾语），whom（宾语），which（主语、宾语）不能用that代替。This is New York, which I have visited for several times. (which不能用that代替)这就是纽约，我来了好多次了。3.which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是个句子。He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy.他又迟到了，这使得老师很不高兴。4.关系代词as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为句子，as在从句中做主语、宾语。As we know, China is a developing country. 我们知道，中国是个发展中国家。(as在定语从句中做宾语)As is known to us all, China is in the east of Asia.众所周知，中国在亚洲的东部。(as在定语从句中做主语)（三）关系代词除上面的基本用法外，还有下列特殊用法1.有时为了使表达的意思更清楚，用“which+名词”引导定语从句He advised me to hide b