正译、反译专用课件.pptVIP

正译、反译Negation Negation 作为一种翻译技巧，它主要指在翻译实践中，为了使译文忠实而合乎语言习惯地传达原文的意思，有时必须把原文中的肯定说法变成译文中的否定说法，或把原文中的否定说法变成译文中的肯定说法。因此，翻译技巧中的Negation译成“正说反译、反说正译法”是比较合适的。 语法中的Negation则译成“否定”，它是指： 1. Full negative (完全否定)； 2. Absolute negative（绝对否定）； 3. Semi negative (部分否定) ; 4. Words, or phrases, with negative implication （含否定意义的词或短语）。 前两种否定，除少数情况外，英语汉语中差别不大；而后两者否定，在英汉两种语言的运用中则差别较大，需要特别注意。 正说反译与反说正译 The title refers to two translation techniques: Translation of Positive Sentences Into Sentences Containing Negative Words and Vice Versa. As Chinese and English are quite different from each other in their respective usage, the same idea or concept may be translated into either a positive form or a negative form. A positive sentence may be rendered into a negative one and vice versa. Sometimes, a positive sentence may be translated into either a positive one or a negative one, which depends on the context. What is a positive sentence? A positive sentence in English is one in which there is / are no negative word (s) like no, never, not, or no negative word(s) with a negative affix like none-, de-, dis-, -less, etc. A positive sentence in Chinese is one where you do not find such words as “不”、 “没有”、“无”、“非”、“未”、“否”、 “休”、“勿”、“别”、“莫”、“毋”. In many cases nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions in their positive forms are put into their negative forms in the version so that the version becomes quite idiomatic and very faithful. Transferred Negation Africa is not kicking out Western Imperialism in order to invite other new masters. 非洲踢出西方帝国主义,并不是为了请进其他新的主子。 非洲不踢出西方帝国主义为了请进其它新的主子。 I don’t believe she will come tomorrow. (=I believe she won’t come tomorrow.) 我想她明天不会来。 I don’t think Tom is correct. 我认为汤姆不对。 He did not think Mary was pretty. 他认为玛丽不算漂亮。 Transferred Negation I don’t think it is right to make such a haste decision. 我认为仓促做出决定是不对的。 She did not imagine that he would come here. 她料想他不会来这。 It