GPS在变形监测中的运用.docVIP

摘要 变形监测是按照一定的周期对变形体进行重复观测以确定其形状在空间位置随时间的变化量，并利用观测结果总结出变形规律从而监测变形体的运动.对并形体监测有实时观测和周期性观测，如果变形体变形缓慢，一般选取周期性变形监测，变形体有可能在压力作用下瞬间发生变形，则使用需要实时监测。每一种变形体在变形过程中需要同时获取大量相关数据，如果监测环境恶劣、高温、高压或者工作人员不能直接到达，同时满足在监测过程中不能影响生产施工等众多要求。传统的测量方法观测时间长，劳动量大已经不能满足变形监测的要求，GPS定位技术具有精度高、速度快、全天候，借助GPS数据解算软件可同时获得空间点的三维坐标，已经广泛在变形监测中得到应用。 本文对变形监测、GPS观测原理、ashtechsolutions后处理软件包的原理进行了说明，并借助分析GPS在某大坝获得的两期数据，用ashtech solutions后处理软件包进行对控制网的数据处理平差解算，从而解算出观测点的在WGS-84坐标系下的坐标，比较各个时期的观测数据，完成对此大坝的监测。 关键字：变形监测 GPS技术 ashtech solutions 后处理软件包 ABSTRACT Deformation monitoring is observing the plasmodium repeatedly and periodically, to make sure the variation of it’s spatiallocation .and summarizes it’s deformation rules, deformation monitoring is classified by real-time monitoring and periodic monitoring, generically, if the process of deformation is slow, we choose periodic monitoring, if the plasmodium may deform momentarily, we choose real-time monitoring. Every kind of monitoring need require lots of numbers ,traditional methods demand long time ,great work ,but has low work efficiency .even those ways can’t work under the atmosphere of hyperthermia and hyperpiesia. This paper mainly introduces the theory of deformation that it’s not access the workers. GPS positioning technology has many advantages, such as: high accuracy ,fast speed ,real-time, acquiring the 3D coordinates directly of spatial points, as a result ,it has been popularly applied in the filed of deformation monitoring. motion monitoring ,GPS observation ashtech solutions software, obtains the coordinates of spatial points in the WGS-84 coordinate with the help of data. Compare two periods’ observation data, and then finish the monitoring of dam. Keywords: deformation monitoring , GPS technology, ashtech solutions 1 概述 随着经济、社会的发展，科学技术的进步，人们对高质量的大型桥梁、水电站的需求也日益增长，同时，我国已经投入较大的人力、物力、财力修路筑桥，目前我国已是世界坝工大国，修建了8万多座坝，这些工程兴利除害，为国民经济发展发挥了巨大作用。我国由电力部门负责管理的130多座水电站大坝，从数量上看，虽然只占全国筑坝总数的很小一部分，但在国计民生中却占有特别重要的地位，这些大坝的安全，不仅直接影响到水电站自身发、供电效益的发挥