第七讲函数的插值.doc

MATHEMATICA讲座第七讲 函数的插值 MATHEMATICA讲座第七讲 函数的插值 一.拉格朗日插值 L={List} InterpolatingPolynomial[L,x] 执行算例1 两点线性插值 L={{0,0.3},{0.2,0.45}} I=InterpolatingPolynomial[L,x] 执行算例2 三点抛物插值 L1={{0,0.3},{0.2,0.45},{0.4,0.15}} I1=InterpolatingPolynomial[L1,x] 执行算例3 多点拉格朗日插值 L2={{0,0.3},{0.2,0.45},{0.3,0.47}, {0.52,0.50},{0.64,0.38},{0.7,0.33},{1.0,0.24}} I2=InterpolatingPolynomial[L2,x] Plot[%,{x,-0.25,1.05}] 执行算例4 作正弦在0，P上五点插值函数图形 g0=Plot[Sin[x],{x,0,Pi}] L=Line[Table[{x,Sin[x]},{x,0,Pi,Pi/4}]] g=Graphics[L] Show[g0,g] sinAp[n_]:=Graphics[{Line[Table[{x,Sin[x]}, {x,0,Pi,Pi/(n+1)}]]}] sinAp[2] Show[g0,%] 二.龙格现像演示 L=Table[{x,1/(1+25*x^2)},{x,-1,1,0.2}] a=InterpolatingPolynomial[L,x] b=Plot[1/(1+25*x^2),{x,-1,1}, PlotStyle-{RGBColor[1,0,0]}] c=Plot[a,{x,-1,1}] Show[b,c] 三. 两点三次Hermite插值 执行算例5 Clear[x,y,h0,h1,H0,H1] x1={0,1};y1={1,2};m={1/2,1/2}; h0[x_]:=(1+2*x)*(x-1)^2; h1[x_]=(1-2(x-1))*(x/(x-1))^2 H0[x_]=x*(x-1)^2 H1[x_]=(x-1)*x^2 H[x_]=y1[[1]]*h0[x]+y1[[2]]*h1[x] +m[[1]]*H0[x]+m[[2]]*H1[x] %/.{x-0.55} 四. N+1个节点的2N+1次Hermite插值 执行算例6 Clear[x0,y,bb,w,w1,w2,L,h,H,Hm] x0={0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8} y=Table[Log[x],{x,0.40,0.80,0.10}] m=Table[1/x,{x,0.40,0.80,0.10}] bb[x_]=InterpolatingPolynomial[y,x] Simplify[bb[x]] bb[0.55] w[x_]=(x-x0[[1]])*(x-x0[[2]])*(x-x0[[3]])*(x-x0[[4]])*(x-x0[[5]]) w1[x_]=D[w[x],x]; Simplify[w1[x]] w2[x_]=D[w[x],{x,2}]; Simplify[w2[x]] For[ i=1,i=5,i++, L[i_,x_]:=w[x]/((x-x0[[i]])*w1[x0[[i]]])]; h[i_,x_]:=(1-w2[x0[[i]]]*(x-x0[[i]])/w1[x0[[i]]])*L[i,x]^2; H[i_,x_]:=L[i,x]^2*(x-x0[[i]]); ] Hm[x_]=Sum[y[[i]]*h[i,x]+m[[i]]*H[i,x],{i,1,5,1}]; Simplify[Hm[x]] Hm[0.55] 拟合 一.一元线性拟合 执行算例 b2={{100,45},{110,51},{120,54},{130,61},{140,66}, {150,70},{160,74},{170,78},{180,85},{190,89}} fp=ListPlot[b2,PlotStyle-{PointSize[0.03], RGBColor[0,0,1]}] ft1=Fit[b2,{1,x},x] gp=Plot[ft1,{x,100,190},PlotStyle-{RGBColor[1,0,0]}]; Show[fp,