动词的时和体.pptVIP

Brief Introduction 英语动词有两种时（一般现在时，一般过去时），六种体（现在进行体，过去进行体，现在完成体，过去完成体，现在完成进行体，过去完成进行体），两种态（主动态，被动态），三种式（陈述式，祈使式，虚拟式） * * Key Points: Uses of simple present; 2. Uses of simple past; 3. Uses of present progressive; 4. Uses of past progressive. I. Uses of Simple Present 1. 表不受时限的客观存在，包括客观真理、 格言事实等 2. 表现在习惯动作，现在习惯性经常性发生 的动作，常与频度副词连用( always, hardly ever= almost never) 我们常10点钟上床睡觉. We are usually in bed by 10. 3. 表现时状态和现在瞬间动作，只适用于 静态动词或表示短暂动作的动态动词 动态动词: 表运动状态的动词 jump, hit, open, close （表短暂动作） 静态动词：表相对静止状态的动词 如be动词，表感觉的动词 feel, 表心理状态的动词think( 表示的意义具有持续性) 4. 表将来时间 （三种句型） 1）I hope/ I bet + that 分句中, 可用一般现在时表将来 I hope he likes my gift. (will like) I bet it rains tomorrow. (will rain) 2）see ( to it)/ make sure/ make certain + that 分句中 I’ ll see that nobody disturbs you ( will disturb). 3）if/ when 引导的条件分句或时间分句中 注：1）和2）中的分句可换成将来时，3）不能 5. 表过去时间 I hear you have got a part-time job. = I heard you got/ had got a part-time job. 能用一般现在时表示过去时间的动词: tell, say, hear, learn, gather（了解，推测，得知） 等 或称作：历史性现在时 (Historic Present) II Uses of Simple Past 1. 表过去时间 We had a meeting yesterday afternoon. 一般过去时表示的时间与现在不发生关系， 已成为过去/不复存在，比较： I studied in Canada for 7 years. ( 现已不在加拿大) I have studied in Canada for 7 years. （可能在加拿大也可能在别地） 2. 表现在时间和将来时间 1）I wondered if you could help me. ( want, wonder, think, hope) 表现在时间，相当于I wonder…, 区别在前者表婉转语气。 2）表与现在事实相反的主观设想或对将来的主观设想，不能换为一般现在时 We are really tired. It’s time we had a rest. If I had money, I’ d buy a big house. I’d rather you went now. ( wish) Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the simple past: I’ll make sure that everything _____ (be) in order. 2. I hope (that) I ______________ (see) you there. 3. See that you ______ (be) ready at 8 o’clock. 4. I’m getting tired --- it’s time we _______ (go) home. 5. I’d rather you _______ (buy) a car. is see / will see are went bought 6. I feel as if my head ______ (be) on f