ch01_GDP：总产出和总收入的测量.pptVIP

* This example is similar to that in the text, but using different goods and different numerical values. Suggestion: Ask your students to compute nominal GDP in each year before revealing the answers. Ask them to compute the rate of increase before revealing the answers. In this example, nominal GDP grows for two reasons: prices are rising, and the economy is producing a larger quantity of goods. Thinking of nominal GDP as total income, the increases in income will overstate the increases in society’s well-being because part of these increases are due to inflation. We need a way to take out the effects of inflation, to see how much people’s incomes are growing in purchasing power terms. That is the job of real GDP. * This example shows that real GDP in every year is constructed using the prices of the base year and that the base year doesn’t change. The growth rate of real GDP from one year to the next is the answer to this question: “How much would GDP (and hence everyone’s income) have grown if there had been zero inflation?” Thus, real GDP is corrected for inflation. * The table in the top half of this slide merely summarizes the answers from the previous two slides. This table will be used shortly to compute the growth rates in nominal and real GDP and to compute the GDP deflator and inflation rates. CHAPTER 7: GDP: Measuring Total Production and Income c h a p t e r seven 第1章 GDP: 总产出和总收入的测量 * of 43 塑群晶邵圃焕串棍鼎附妆员拐纸揭仑唯驾软博衍梅玩死顾崖贸靶趟彪蠢护ch01_GDP：总产出和总收入的测量Chapter 19 (Macro Ch 7) * of 43 GDP: 总产出和总收入的测量 引言 微观经济学 研究家庭和企业如何决策、如何在市场上相互交易以及政府如何试图影响它们的决策。 宏观经济学 将经济作为一个整体进行研究，包括通货膨胀、失业和经济增长等问题。 翅扦沿祭矮侣诉列臆掺霜痴岔辕瞎孜咎顶掇棉迪九娃笑耙胀号烬牵症石沛ch01_GDP：总产出和总收入的测量Chapter 19 (Macro Ch 7) * of 43 GDP: 总产出和总收入的测量 宏观经济学研究的主要问题 1.经济周期(波动):经济扩张和经济衰退的周期性交替 2.经济增长 3.就业水平 4.通货膨胀率 碟暗钠敬灯痛豌讶醉豆叫果当连送坐遮宏寿刨朵襟涩刽赣表凹磊踏忱侄霓ch01_GDP：总产出和总收入的测量Chapter 19 (Macro Ch 7) * of 43 以国内生产总值测量总产出 学习目标 1 国内生产总值 GDP 一国在一定时期内所生产的所有最终产品